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Choni language

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Tibetic language spoken in China Not to be confused with Hbrugchu language.
Choni
Thewo-Chone
Cone Tibetan
tço.ne
Pronunciation[tɕo.ne]
Native toChina
RegionGansu, Sichuan
Native speakers150,000 (2004)
Language familySino-Tibetan
Dialects
  • Thewo
  • Hbrugchu
Language codes
ISO 639-3cda
Glottologchon1285
ELPChoni

Choni (Jonê) and Thewo are dialects of a Tibetic language spoken in western China in the vicinity of Jonê County.

Choni has four contrastive aspirated fricatives: /sʰ/ /ɕʰ/, /ʂʰ/, /xʰ/.

Phonology

Consonant phonemes of Nyinpa Choni
Bilabial Alveolar Retroflex (Alveolo-)
palatal
Velar Uvular Glottal
Nasal m n ɲ ŋ
Plosive tenuis p t k
aspirated
voiced b d ɡ
prenasalized ᵐb ⁿd ᵑɡ
Affricate tenuis t͡s t͡ʂ t͡ɕ
aspirated t͡sʰ t͡ʂʰ t͡ɕʰ
voiced d͡z d͡ʐ d͡ʑ
prenasalized ⁿd͡z ⁿd͡ʐ ⁿd͡ʑ
Fricative tenuis s ʂ ɕ x h
aspirated ʂʰ ɕʰ
voiced z (ʐ) ʑ ɣ (ʁ)
Sonorant r j w
Lateral fricative ɬ
approximant l
  • /r/ is phonetically a fricativized alveolar trill , and may be heard as as an allophone.
  • A syllable-initial /k/ can be heard as a uvular fricative before voiceless consonants and as a voiced before voiced consonants. A syllable-final /k/ can be heard as a uvular stop after /æ/ or /ɔ/ vowel sounds.
  • can also be heard as an allophone of /ɣ/ between /æ/ or /ɔ/ and another vowel.
Vowel phonemes
Front Central Back
short long short long short long
Close i ʉ ʉː u
ɪ ɪː
Close-mid e o
Mid ə
Open-mid ɛ ɔ
Open æ ɑ ɑː
Nasal vowels
Front Central Back
Close ĩː (ũː)
Close-mid ẽː õː
Open ã ãː
  • rarely exists as a phoneme, and is only attested in a few words with a palatal or alveolo-palatal initial.

References

  1. Choni at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
  2. Jacques, Guillaume (2011). "A panchronic study of aspirated fricatives, with new evidence from Pumi" (PDF). Lingua. 121 (9): 1518–1538. doi:10.1016/j.lingua.2011.04.003. S2CID 56166344.
  3. Jacques, Guillaume (April 2012). "A phonological profile of Cone" (PDF). HAL. Retrieved 20 August 2021.

External links

Sino-Tibetan branches
Western Himalayas (Himachal,
Uttarakhand, Nepal, Sikkim)
Greater Magaric
Map of Sino-Tibetan languages
Eastern Himalayas
(Tibet, Bhutan, Arunachal)
Myanmar and Indo-
Burmese border
"Naga"
Sal
East and Southeast Asia
Burmo-Qiangic
Dubious (possible
isolates) (Arunachal)
Greater Siangic
Proposed groupings
Proto-languages
Italics indicates single languages that are also considered to be separate branches.
Bodic (Tibeto-Kanauri) languages
West Himalayish
(Kanauric)
Western
Kinnauric
Lahaulic
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Basum
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Sign
  • GX = Guangxi
  • HK = Hong Kong
  • MC = Macau
  • NM = Inner Mongolia
  • XJ = Xinjiang
  • XZ = Tibet
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