Tibeto-Burman language of China and Myanmar
The Achang language (Achang: Ngachang ; Chinese : 阿昌, Burmese : အာချန်) is a Tibeto-Burman language spoken by the Achang (also known as Maingtha and Ngochang) in Yunnan , China , and northern Myanmar .
Distribution
Achang is spoken in the following locations:
The three main dialects of Achang in China are:
Longchuan 陇川方言
Lianghe 梁河方言
Mangshi 芒市方言 (formerly known as Luxi 潞西方言)
The Xiandao dialect (100 speakers; autonym : Chintaw /kʰan³¹tau³¹/) is spoken in the following two locations in Yingjiang County , Dehong Prefecture (Xiandaoyu Yanjiu ).
Xiandaozhai 仙岛寨, Mangmian Village 芒面村, Jiemao Township 姐冒乡
Meng'ezhai 勐俄寨, Mangxian Village 芒线村, Jiemao Township 姐冒乡
Phonology
Consonants
Voiced sounds /b, d, dz, dʒ, ɟ, ɡ/ can also be heard as voiceless in free variation among speakers.
Vowels
/i, ɛ, aˑ/ can also have tense vowel counterparts as .
Syntax
Achang word order is subject–object–verb . There is no dominant order for nouns and their adjective modifiers.
References
^ Achang at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)
Yang, Lu 杨露 (2020). Achangyu yuyin de fangyan dilixue yanjiu 阿昌语语音的方言地理学研究 . Beijing: Chinese Social Sciences Press 中国社会科学出版社. OCLC 1232141802 .
"Yíngjiāng Xiàn Nòngzhāng Zhèn Mángmiǎn Cūn Xiāndǎo Zìráncūn" 盈江县弄璋镇芒缅村仙岛自然村 [Xiandao Natural Village, Mangmian Village, Nongzhang Town, Yingjiang County]. ynszxc.gov.cn (in Chinese). Archived from the original on 2016-03-05.
"Yíngjiāng Xiàn Nòngzhāng Zhèn Mángxiàn Cūn Měngé Zìráncūn" 盈江县弄璋镇芒线村勐俄自然村 [Meng'e Natural Village, Mangxian Village, Nongzhang Town, Yingjiang County]. ynszxc.gov.cn (in Chinese). 2016-03-09. Archived from the original on 2016-03-09. Retrieved 2021-08-23.
^ Inglis & Inglis (2003)
"Language Achang" . The World Atlas of Language Structures Online . Retrieved 2019-02-06.
Further reading
Inglis, Douglas; Inglis, Connie (2003), A Preliminary Phonology of Ngochang – via Academia.edu
Nasaw Sampu; Wilai Jaseng; Thocha Jana; Douglas Inglis (2005), A Preliminary Ngochang – Kachin – English Lexicon (PDF) – via SIL.org
Yabu, Shirō 藪 司郎 (1990). "The Achang Language of Burma". In Sakiyama, Osamu 崎山 理 (ed.). Ajia no shogengo to ippan gengogaku アジアの諸言語と一般言語学 [Asian Languages and General Linguistics ]. Tokyo: Sanseidō. pp. 124–141.
Xie, Hongmei 谢红梅 (2019). Achangyu fangyan cihuiji 阿昌语方言词汇集 . Kunming: Yunnan Ethnic Publishing House 云南民族出版社. ISBN 978-7-5367-7568-8 . (3,023-item comparative word list of the Longchuan, Lianghe, and Mangshi dialects)
Yang, Lu 杨露 (2020). Achangyu yuyin de fangyan dilixue yanjiu 阿昌语语音的方言地理学研究 . Beijing: Chinese Social Sciences Press 中国社会科学出版社. OCLC 1232141802 .
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