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The union of Bukovina with Romania was declared in 28 November 1918, being officially recognized by the international community in 1919 and 1920.

Timeline of events

1918

• 22 October - Constantin Isopescu-Grecul, a Bukovinian Romanian deputy in the Austrian Imperial Council, warns the authorities in Vienna that if they do not force Budapest to release Transylvania and other Romanian-inhabited areas from Hungary, then the Romanian subjects of the empire would have to look for outside help.
• 25 October - The Ukrainian National Committee for Bukovina is formed.
• 27 October - The Romanian National Council is formed under the leadership of Iancu Flondor.
• 3 November - The Ukrainian National Rada takes control of the state apparatus in Czernowitz and the surrounding area.
• 4 November - Aurel Onciul, a Romanian Bukovinian politician, concludes an agreement (not authorized by the Romanian National Council) with the Ukrainian National Committee providing for the division of Bukovina along ethnic lines and joint Romanian-Ukrainian control over Czernowitz (the capital of Bukovina).
• 6 November - The Ukrainian National Committee occupies all Government buildings in Czernowitz and Omelian Popowicz is proclaimed President of "Ukrainian Bukovina".
• 7 November - Iancu Flondor appeals to the Romanian Government to occupy the entire land of Bukovina.
• 9/10 November - Romania re-declares war on the Central Powers (the May 1918 Treaty of Bucharest put an end to the first Romanian Campaign).
• 10 November - The Ukrainian National Committee together with its military supporters retreat from Czernowitz.
• 11 November - Czernowitz (claimed by the West Ukrainian People's Republic) is seized by the Romanian Army.
• 12 November - The Romanian National Council establishes a new government in Bukovina under Flondor's presidency.
• 28 November - The Romanian National Council, together with Polish and German representatives, convokes the General Congress of Bukovina which requests the union of Bukovina with Romania.
• 19 December - The Romanian Government issues a decree formalizing Bukovina's annexation.

1919

• 10 September - The Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye is signed, recognizing Romanian sovereignty over Bukovina (the frontiers of Romania were to be later fixed).

1920

• 10 August - The Treaty of Sèvres established the Romanian-Polish boundary (mainly, based on the July 1919 Lwów Convention).

Aftermath

Since 2015, Bukovina Day is celebrated in Romania every 28 November to commemorate the union of the region with Romania.

Gallery

• Bukovina within Austria-Hungary
• Flag of Bukovina
• Division of Bukovina (orange) as claimed by the West Ukrainian People's Republic (black interrupted line)
• Ethnic map of Bukovina (purple = Romanians, green = Ukrainians)
• Iancu Flondor

See also

• Great Union
• Union of Transylvania with Romania
• Union of Bessarabia with Romania
• Greater Romania
• Romanian occupation of Pokuttia
• Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina

References

1. ^ Robert A. Kann, Zdenek David, University of Washington Press, 2017, Peoples of the Eastern Habsburg Lands, 1526-1918, p. 446
2. Vasyl Kuchabsky, Gus Fagan, Wirth-Institute for Austrian and Central European Studies, Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies Press, 2009, Western Ukraine in conflict with Poland and Bolshevism, 1918-1923, p. 54
3. ^ Volodymyr Kubiĭovych, Ukrainian National Association, 1963, Ukraine, a Concise Encyclopedia, Volume 1, p. 787
4. Spencer Tucker, Priscilla Mary Roberts, ABC-CLIO, 2005, World War I: A Student Encyclopedia, p. 361
5. Ivan Katchanovski, Zenon E. Kohut, Bohdan Y. Nebesio, Myroslav Yurkevich, Scarecrow Press, 2013, Historical Dictionary of Ukraine, p. 749
6. Keith Hitchins, Clarendon Press, 1994, Rumania 1866-1947, p. 279
7. Lawrence Martin (2007). The Treaties of Peace, 1919-1923. The Lawbook Exchange, Ltd. pp. 1091–. ISBN 978-1-58477-708-3.
8. ^ Marcel Cornis-Pope, John Neubauer, John Benjamins Publishing, 2006, History of the Literary Cultures of East-Central Europe: Junctures and disjunctures in the 19th and 20th centuries, Volume 2, p. 58
9. Richard C. Hall, ABC-CLIO, 2014, War in the Balkans: An Encyclopedic History from the Fall of the Ottoman Empire to the Breakup of Yugoslavia, p. 50
10. Ciorteanu, Cezar (July 2014). "Politico-Territorial Projects concerning Bukovina and the Romanian-Polish Border in the Context of Diplomatic Negotiations during and after World War I (1914-1920)". Codrul Cosminului. XX (1): 113–148. ISSN 2067-5860. Retrieved 25 December 2019.
11. "Ziua Bucovinei". Agerpres (in Romanian). 25 November 2016.

External links

• Virtual Museum of the Union

v t e Great Union (Marea Unire)
Background	Ideology Romanian nationalism Romanian irredentism Greater Romania Events Unification of Moldavia and Wallachia Independence and annexation of Northern Dobruja Romanian annexation of Silistra Conquest of Southern Dobruja Treaty of Bucharest of 1916
Figures	Ferdinand I of Romania (King) Marie of Romania (Queen) Ion I. C. Brătianu (Prime Minister) Alexandru Averescu Iancu Flondor Pan Halippa Iuliu Maniu
Accomplishment	Romania in World War I First Romanian war plan 1916 Romanian Campaign Battle of Transylvania The Romanian Debacle Battle of Bucharest Central Powers occupation of Romania 1917 Romanian Campaign Battle of Mărăști Battle of Mărășești Third Battle of Oituz Romanian military intervention in Bessarabia Second Romanian campaign Hungarian–Romanian War Romanian occupation of Hungary Romanian occupation of Pokuttia Institutions and documents Sfatul Țării General Congress of Bukovina Great Romanian National Council Great National Assembly of Alba Iulia Declaration of Alba Iulia Directing Council Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye Treaty of Trianon Treaty of Paris (unenforced) Unifications Union with Bessarabia Union with Bukovina Union with Transylvania
Disestablishment	Soviet occupation of Bessarabia, Northern Bukovina and the Hertsa region Second Vienna Award Treaty of Craiova Population exchange between Bulgaria and Romania Recovery attempt of Bessarabia, Northern Bukovina and Hertsa Transnistria Governorate Paris Peace Treaties, 1947 Moscow Protocol of 1948
Aftermath	Moldavian SSR Republic of Moldova Independence Transnistria Transnistria conflict Transnistria War Gagauz Republic Gagauzia conflict Unification with Romania Commemoration 1 Decembrie 1918 University, Alba Iulia National Museum of the Union Holidays Dobruja Day Day of the Union of Bessarabia with Romania Bukovina Day Great Union Day (Romanian national day) Trianon Treaty Day Centenary Centenary of the Great Union Anniversary Medal Centenary March 2018 unification declarations in Moldova and Romania

• 1918 in Romania
• Great Union (Romania)
• Greater Romania
• National unifications
• Territorial evolution of Romania
• Aftermath of World War I in Romania