Japanese Instrument of Surrender

1945 agreement ending hostilities in WWII

Instrument of Surrender
The capitulation of the state of Japan to the conditions provided by the Allies
Representatives of the Empire of Japan stand aboard USS Missouri prior to signing of the Instrument of Surrender.
Type	Capitulation
Signed	2 September 1945; 79 years ago (1945-09-02)
Location	Tokyo Bay, Japan
Condition	Signed
Parties	Japan United States China United Kingdom Soviet Union Australia Canada France Netherlands New Zealand
Ratifiers	Government of Japan Allied Governments
Full text
Japanese Instrument of Surrender at Wikisource

The Japanese Instrument of Surrender was the written agreement that formalized the surrender of the Empire of Japan, marking the end of hostilities in World War II. It was signed by representatives from the Empire of Japan and from the Allied nations: the United States of America, the Republic of China, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the Commonwealth of Australia, the Dominion of Canada, the Provisional Government of the French Republic, the Kingdom of the Netherlands, and the Dominion of New Zealand. The signing took place on the deck of USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay on 2 September 1945.

The date is sometimes known as Victory over Japan Day. However, that designation more frequently refers to the date of Emperor Hirohito's Gyokuon-hōsō (Imperial Rescript of Surrender), the radio broadcast announcement of the acceptance of the terms of the Potsdam Declaration at noon Japan Standard Time on 15 August.

Preparation

General Douglas MacArthur's staff, headed by Colonel LeGrande A. Diller, were tasked to prepare the draft of the Instrument of Surrender. This was a challenge given resources were limited in war-torn Manila. Nevertheless, an enterprising staff member found rare parchment in a basement of a monastery, and this was given to MacArthur's printer.

Surrender ceremony

The ceremony aboard the deck of Missouri lasted 23 minutes and was broadcast throughout the world. It occurred at 35°21′N 139°46′E / 35.35°N 139.76°E / 35.35; 139.76 in Tokyo Bay. The instrument was first signed by the Japanese foreign minister Mamoru Shigemitsu "By Command and on behalf of the Emperor of Japan and the Japanese Government" (9:04 a.m.). General Yoshijirō Umezu, Chief of the Army General Staff, then signed the document "By Command and on behalf of the Japanese Imperial General Headquarters" (9:06 a.m.). The Japanese representatives present for the signing were the following:

Foreign Minister Mamoru Shigemitsu
General Yoshijirō Umezu, Chief of the Army General Staff
Major General Yatsuji Nagai
Katsuo Okazaki (Foreign Ministry)
Rear Admiral Tadatoshi Tomioka
Toshikazu Kase (Foreign Ministry)
Lt. General Suichi Miyakazi
Rear Admiral Ichiro Yokoyama
Saburo Ota (Foreign Ministry)
Captain Katsuo Shiba (Navy)
Colonel Kaziyi Sugita

At 9:08 a.m., American General of the Army Douglas MacArthur, the Commander in the Southwest Pacific and Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers, accepted the surrender on behalf of the Allied Powers and signed in his capacity as Supreme Commander.

After MacArthur, the following representatives signed the instrument of surrender on behalf of each of the Allied Powers:

Fleet Admiral Chester Nimitz for the United States (9:12 a.m.)
General Hsu Yung-chang for China (9:13 a.m.)
Admiral Sir Bruce Fraser for the United Kingdom (9:14 a.m.)
Lieutenant General Kuzma Derevyanko for the Soviet Union (9:16 a.m.)
General Sir Thomas Blamey for Australia (9:17 a.m.)
Colonel Lawrence Moore Cosgrave for Canada (9:18 a.m.)
Général de Corps d'Armée Philippe Leclerc de Hauteclocque for France (9:20 a.m.)
Lieutenant Admiral Conrad Helfrich for the Netherlands (9:21 a.m.)
Air Vice-Marshal Leonard M. Isitt for New Zealand (9:22 a.m.)

The UK invited Dominion governments to send representatives to the ceremony as subordinates to its own. MacArthur supported the government of Australia's demand to attend and sign separately from the UK, although Australia objected to his recommendation that Canada, the Netherlands, and France also sign the document.

On 6 September, Colonel Bernard Theilen took the document and an imperial rescript to Washington, D.C., and presented them to President Harry S. Truman in a formal White House ceremony the following day. Following a ceremony led by Gen. Jonathan Wainwright, the documents were then exhibited at the National Archives. On October 1, 1945, the documents were formally received (accessioned) into the holdings of the National Archives.

Flags at the ceremony

The deck of the Missouri was furnished with two U.S. flags. A commonly heard story is that one of the flags had flown over the White House on the day Pearl Harbor was attacked. However, Captain Stuart Murray of USS Missouri explained:

At eight o'clock we had hoisted a clean set of colors at the mainmast and a clean jack of the United States at the bow as we were at anchor, and I would like to add that these were just regular ship's flags, GI issue, that we'd pulled out of the spares, nothing special about them, and they had never been used anywhere so far as we know, at least they were clean and we had probably gotten them in Guam in May. So there was nothing special about them. Some of the articles in the history say this was the same flag that was flown on the White House or the National Capitol on 7 December 1941, the attack on Pearl Harbor, and at Casablanca, and so forth, also MacArthur took it up to Tokyo and flew it over his headquarters there. The only thing I can say is they were hard up for baloney, because it was nothing like that. It was just a plain ordinary GI-issue flag and a Union Jack. We turned them both into the Naval Academy Museum when we got back to the East Coast in October. The only special flag that was there was a flag which Commodore Perry had flown on his ship out in that same location 82 years before. It was flown out in its glass case from the Naval Academy Museum. An officer messenger brought it out. We put this hanging over the door of my cabin, facing forward, on the surrender deck so that everyone on the surrender deck could see it.

That special flag on the veranda deck of the Missouri had been flown from Commodore Matthew Perry's flagship in 1853–54 when he led the U.S. Navy's Far East Squadron into Tokyo Bay to force the opening of Japan's ports to foreign trade.

Photographs of the signing ceremony show that this flag is displayed backward — reverse side showing (stars in the upper right corner). This was because U.S. flags on the right of an object, plane, ship, or person have the stars on the upper right corner, to look like the flag is heading into battle — as if attached to a pole and someone is carrying it. Stars in the upper left of a flag displayed on the right side of the object could make the flag look like it were going away from battle. The cloth of the historic flag was so fragile that the conservator at the U.S. Naval Academy Museum directed that a protective backing be sewn on it, leaving its "wrong side" visible; and this was how Perry's 31-star flag was presented on this unique occasion.

A replica of this historic flag can be seen today on the Surrender Deck of the Battleship Missouri Memorial in Pearl Harbor. The original flag is still on display at the Naval Academy Museum, as is the table and tablecloth upon which the instrument of surrender was signed, and the original bronze plaque marking the location of the signing (which was replaced by two replicas in 1990).

Differences between versions

The Japanese and Allied copies of the Instrument of Surrender

The Japanese copy of the treaty varied from the Allied in the following ways:

The Canadian representative, Colonel Lawrence Moore Cosgrave, signed below his line instead of above it on the Japanese copy, so everyone after him had to sign one line below the intended one. This was attributed to Cosgrave being blind in one eye from a World War I injury. When the discrepancy was pointed out to General Sutherland, he crossed out the pre-printed name titles of the Allied nations and rewrote by hand the titles in their correct relative positions. The Japanese initially found this alteration unacceptable—until Sutherland initialed (as an abbreviated signature) each alteration. The Japanese representatives did not complain further.

Current locations

The Allied copy of the Instrument is at the United States National Archives Building in Washington, D.C. The Japanese copy is at the Diplomatic Archives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan in Tokyo, and was last publicly displayed in 2015, as part of an exhibition marking the 70th anniversary of the signing. A replica version of the Japanese copy can be viewed at the archive's gallery, and at the Edo-Tokyo Museum in Tokyo.

Gen. MacArthur originally had 11 full-sized facsimiles made of the Instrument of Surrender, but later increased this for distribution among the Allied nations present during the signing. Two of the copies which were given to Col. LeGrande A. Diller and MGen. Basilio Valdes for the Philippines are now displayed at The International Museum of World War II in Natick, Massachusetts.

As witnesses, American general Jonathan Wainwright, who had surrendered the Philippines, and British lieutenant-general Arthur Percival, who had surrendered Singapore, received two of the six pens used by General MacArthur to sign the instrument. Another pen went to the West Point military academy, and one to MacArthur's aide. All of the pens used by MacArthur were black, except the last, which was bright red and went to his wife. A replica of it, along with copies of the instrument of surrender, is in a case on Missouri by the plaque marking the signing spot.

The National History Museum of the Republic of China has a reprint, and the Instrument of Surrender (along with seven other historic documents) was designated as a "National Treasure" by the Ministry of Culture of the Republic of China in 2016.

Gallery

Ships of U.S. Third Fleet and British Pacific Fleet in Sagami Wan, 28 August 1945, preparing for the formal Japanese surrender. Nearest ship is USS Missouri. HMS Duke of York is just beyond, with HMS King George V further in. USS Colorado is in far center distance. Mount Fuji is in the background.
Lieutenant General Richard K. Sutherland, aboard USS Missouri, corrects a signatory error in the Japanese Instrument of Surrender. US Colonel Sidney Mashbir and Japanese Foreign Minister Katsuo Okazaki look on.
Plaque over the door to the Captain's Cabin on board the Missouri marking the signing
Plaque in the deck of the Missouri marking the location of the signing
Huge formation of American planes over USS Missouri and Tokyo Bay celebrating the signing, 2 September 1945
Photo taken from an airplane flying over USS Missouri. USS Buchanan is alongside.

Notes

The Republic of China was the only government of China until the People's Republic of China was promulgated in 1949.
The Soviet Union had only declared war on Japan a month earlier, after the Hiroshima bombing.

References

"Video Transcript of Japan Signs Final Surrender – 1945" (PDF). The National Archives. National Archives and Records Administration.
^ Broom, Jack (May 21, 1998). "Memories on Board Battleship". Seattle Times. Archived from the original on May 19, 2011. Retrieved June 20, 2008.
photo at AWM of Umezu signing. Archived 2008-10-05 at the Wayback Machine
^ "USS Missouri BB-63; Japanese Surrender Sept. 2, 1945; p. 3: The Japanese delegation aboard the USS Missouri BB-63 (second photo on this webpage)". MaritimeQuest.com.
Prepared by the War Department. Approved by President Truman (1945). Japanese Instrument of Surrender .
photo at AWM, Nimitz signing. Archived 2012-09-08 at the Wayback Machine
AWM photo, Hsu Yung-chang signing. Archived 2012-09-08 at the Wayback Machine
photo at AWM, Fisher signing. Archived 2012-09-08 at the Wayback Machine
AWM photo 040968, Derevyanko signing. Archived 2012-09-30 at the Wayback Machine
AWM photo, Blamey about to sign. Archived 2012-09-08 at the Wayback Machine
AWM photo, Cosgrave signing. Archived 2012-09-08 at the Wayback Machine
AWM photo, Leclerc signing. Archived 2012-08-13 at the Wayback Machine
AWM photo, Helfrich signing. Archived 2012-09-08 at the Wayback Machine
AWM photo, Isitt signing. Archived 2012-09-08 at the Wayback Machine
Wood, James. "The Australian Military Contribution to the Occupation of Japan, 1945–1952" (PDF). Australian War Museum. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-11-04. Retrieved August 12, 2012.
^ "Surrender of Japan (1945)". National Archives. 28 September 2021. Retrieved 2024-09-01.
"Japanese Instrument of Surrender, 1945". National Archives Foundation. Retrieved 2021-09-02.
Murray, Stuart. "Reminiscences of the Surrender of Japan and the End of World War II". USS Missouri Memorial Association. Archived from the original on October 26, 2019. Retrieved February 7, 2018.
^ Tsutsumi, Cheryl Chee (August 26, 2007). "Hawaii's Back Yard: Mighty Mo memorial re-creates a powerful history". Star-Bulletin. Honolulu. Archived from the original on February 17, 2008.
Ellwand, Geoff (27 April 2006). "Making a mess of history". CBC News. Archived from the original on 19 October 2012., "... Peace Be Now Restored". Time. 10 September 1945. Archived from the original on 26 August 2013. Retrieved 7 February 2008.
Kratz, Jessie (27 August 2015). "On Display: The Japanese Instrument of Surrender". A blog of the U.S. National Archives. US National Archives. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
"外交史料 Q&A". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
Phelps, Jonathan. "Rare WWII surrender documents on display in Natick". The Metro West Daily News. Daily News Staff. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
"Mightier Than the Sword: The Parker Pens That Ended World War II". The National WWII Museum. 2020-05-07. Retrieved 2021-08-31.
"日本國向同盟國投降書（1945年9月2日） – 國史館【Academia Historica】". www.drnh.gov.tw (in Chinese (Taiwan)). Retrieved 2024-05-01.
"國史館典藏28件經文化部公告指定為國寶及重要古物". 國史館. Retrieved 2023-06-21.
James Wang (May 24, 2016). "Ma's exit heralds the end of KMT princelings". Taipei Times.

External links

National Archives & Records Administration Featured Document
USS Missouri's Captain Stuart Murray interviewed about the surrender ceremony
Alsos Digital Library bibliography of references on Japan's surrender
The short film Japanese Sign Final Surrender is available for free viewing and download at the Internet Archive.

35°21′17″N 139°45′36″E / 35.35472°N 139.76000°E / 35.35472; 139.76000

World War II

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Aftermath	Chinese Civil War Cold War Decolonization Division of Korea First Indochina War Expulsion of Germans Greek Civil War Indonesian National Revolution Keelhaul Marshall Plan Occupation of Germany Occupation of Japan Osoaviakhim Paperclip Soviet occupations Baltic Hungary Poland Romania Territorial changes of Germany Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany United Nations
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Participants

Allies	Algeria Australia Belgium Brazil Bulgaria (from September 1944) Canada China Cuba Czechoslovakia Denmark Ethiopia Eswatini (formerly Swaziland) Finland (from September 1944) France Free France Greece India Italy (from September 1943) Luxembourg Mexico Netherlands Newfoundland New Zealand Norway Philippines Poland Romania (from August 1944) Sierra Leone South Africa Southern Rhodesia Soviet Union Tuva United Kingdom British Empire United States Puerto Rico Yugoslavia
Axis	Albania protectorate Bulgaria (until September 1944) Wang Jingwei regime Independent State of Croatia Finland (until September 1944) German Reich Hungary Azad Hind French Indochina Iraq Italy (until September 1943) Italian Social Republic Empire of Japan Manchukuo Philippines Romania (until August 1944) Slovak Republic Thailand Vichy France Collaboration
Neutral	Afghanistan Andorra Bhutan Ireland Liechtenstein Portugal Spain Sweden Switzerland Tibet Vatican City
Resistance	Albania Austria Belgium Bulgaria Czech lands Denmark Dutch East Indies Estonia Ethiopia France Germany Greece Hong Kong Italy Japan Jews Korea Korean Liberation Army Korean Volunteer Army Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg Malaya Netherlands Northeast China Norway Philippines Poland Romania Thailand Soviet Union Slovakia Western Ukraine Vietnam Quốc dân Đảng Viet Minh Yugoslavia
POWs	Finnish prisoners in the Soviet Union German prisoners Soviet Union Azerbaijan United States United Kingdom Italian prisoners in the Soviet Union Japanese prisoners Soviet Union German atrocities against Polish POWs Soviet prisoners Finland atrocities by Germans Polish prisoners in the Soviet Union Romanian prisoners in the Soviet Union

Timeline

Prelude	Africa Second Italo-Ethiopian War Asia Second Sino-Japanese War Battles of Khalkhin Gol Europe Anschluss Munich Agreement Occupation of Czechoslovakia Operation Himmler Italian invasion of Albania
1939	Invasion of Poland Battle of the Atlantic Phoney War First Battle of Changsha Battle of South Guangxi Winter War 1939–1940 Winter Offensive
1940	Norwegian campaign German invasion of Denmark Battle of Zaoyang–Yichang German invasion of Luxembourg German invasion of the Netherlands German invasion of Belgium Battle of France Dunkirk evacuation Battle of Britain Battle of the Mediterranean North Africa West Africa British Somaliland Hundred Regiments Offensive Baltic states Eastern Romania Japanese invasion of French Indochina Italian invasion of Greece Compass
1941	Battle of South Henan Battle of Shanggao Invasion of Yugoslavia German invasion of Greece Battle of Crete Anglo-Iraqi War Battle of South Shanxi Syria–Lebanon campaign East African campaign Invasion of the Soviet Union Summer War Finland (Silver Fox) Lithuania Battle of Kiev Anglo-Soviet invasion of Iran Second Battle of Changsha Siege of Leningrad Battle of Moscow Bombing of Gorky Siege of Sevastopol Attack on Pearl Harbor Japanese invasion of Thailand Fall of Hong Kong Fall of the Philippines Battle of Guam Battle of Wake Island Malayan campaign Battle of Borneo Japanese invasion of Burma Third Battle of Changsha Greek famine of 1941–1944
1942	Fall of Singapore Battle of the Java Sea St Nazaire Raid Battle of Christmas Island Battle of the Coral Sea Battle of Madagascar Zhejiang-Jiangxi campaign Battle of Gazala Battle of Dutch Harbor Battle of Midway Aleutian Islands campaign Kiska Attu Blue First Battle of El Alamein Battle of Stalingrad Kokoda Track campaign Rzhev Jubilee Second Battle of El Alamein Guadalcanal campaign Torch Chinese famine of 1942–1943
1943	Black May Tunisian campaign Battle of West Hubei Battle of Attu Bombing of Gorky Battle of Kursk Allied invasion of Sicily Smolensk Solomon Islands campaign Cottage Battle of the Dnieper Allied invasion of Italy Armistice of Cassibile Burma Northern Burma and Western Yunnan Changde Second Battle of Kiev Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign Tarawa Makin Bengal famine of 1943
1944	Tempest Monte Cassino / Anzio Korsun–Cherkassy Narva Ichi-Go Overlord Neptune Mariana and Palau Bagration Western Ukraine Second Battle of Guam Tannenberg Line Warsaw Uprising Eastern Romania Liberation of Paris Dragoon Gothic Line Belgrade offensive Lapland Market Garden Estonia Crossbow Pointblank Vietnamese famine of 1944–1945 Philippines (1944–1945) Leyte Syrmian Front Hungary Budapest Burma (1944–1945) Ardennes Bodenplatte Dutch famine of 1944–1945
1945	Vistula–Oder Battle of Manila Battle of Iwo Jima Indochina Vienna offensive Project Hula Western invasion of Germany Bratislava–Brno offensive Battle of Okinawa Second Guangxi campaign West Hunan Italy (Spring 1945) Battle of Berlin Prague offensive Surrender of Germany document Borneo Taipei Naval bombardment of Japan Manchuria Atomic bombings Debate South Sakhalin Kuril Islands Shumshu Surrender of Japan Potsdam Declaration document End of World War II in Asia

v t e Treaties of Japan
Bakumatsu period (1854–1868)	Japan-US Treaty of Peace and Amity (1854) Anglo-Japanese Friendship Treaty (1854) Treaty of Shimoda (1855) Dutch-Japan Treaty of Peace and Amity (1854) [ja] Japan-US Additional Treaty (1855) Japan-Netherlands Additional Treaty (1856) [ja] Japan-Russia Additional Treaty (1858) Treaty of Amity and Commerce (United States–Japan) (1859) Treaty of Amity and Commerce between Russia and Japan (1859) Anglo-Japanese Treaty of Amity and Commerce (1858) Treaty of Amity and Commerce between the Netherlands and Japan (1858) Treaty of Amity and Commerce between France and Japan (1858) Treaty of Peace, Amity and Commerce between Portugal and Japan (1860) Treaty of Amity and Commerce between Prussia and Japan (1861) London Protocol (1862) Agreement of Paris (1864) [ja] Treaty of Amity and Commerce between Belgium and Japan (1866) Treaty of Amity and Commerce between Italy and Japan (1866) Russo-Japanese Provisional Treaty of Karafuto Island (1867)
Meiji era (1868–1912)	Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation between Spain and Japan (1868) Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation Austria-Hungary and Japan (1869) Sino-Japanese Friendship and Trade Treaty (1871) Treaty of Amity and Commerce between Hawaii and Japan (1871) Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation between Peru and Japan (1873) Engagement between Japan and China respecting Formosa of 1874 Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1875) Japan–Korea Treaty of 1876 US-Japanese Convention Revising Certain Portions of Existing Commercial Treaties (1878) Japan–Korea Treaty of 1882 Japan-Hawaii Labor Immigration Treaty (1884) Japan–Korea Treaty of 1885 Convention of Tientsin (1885) Declaration of Amity and Commerce between Thailand and Japan (1887) Treaty of Friendship and Commerce between Mexico and Japan (1888) Anglo-Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation (1894) Treaty of Commerce and Navigation between Japan and the USA (1894) Italo–Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation (1894) Treaty of Shimonoseki (1895) Japan-Brazil Treaty of Amity, Commerce and Navigation (1895) [ja] Treaty for returning Fengtian Peninsula (1895) [ja] German–Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation (1896) Komura-Weber Memorandum (1896) Yamagata–Lobanov Agreement (1896) Japan–China Treaty of Commerce and Navigation (1896) [ja] Franco–Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation (1896) Japan–Netherlands Treaty of Commerce and Navigation (1896) Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation between Chile and Japan (1897) Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation between Argentina and Japan (1898) Nishi–Rosen Agreement (1898) Japan-Thailand Friendship, Commerce and Navigation Treaty (1898) Japan-Greece Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation (1899) Boxer Protocol (1901) Anglo-Japanese Alliance (1902) Japan-China Additional Treaty of Commerce and Navigation (1903) [ja] Japan–Korea Treaty of 1904 Japan–Korea Agreement of August 1904 Treaty of Portsmouth (1905) Taft–Katsura agreement (1905) Japan–Korea Treaty of 1905 Additional Agreement of the Japan-China Treaty relating to Manchuria (1905) [ja] Gentlemen's Agreement of 1907 Franco-Japanese Treaty of 1907 Japan–Korea Treaty of 1907 Japan–Russia Secret Agreements (1907–1916) Root–Takahira Agreement (1908) Japan-China Agreement relating to Manchuria and Jiandao (1909) [ja] Japan–Korea Treaty of 1910 Treaty of Commerce and Navigation between Japan and the USA (1911) Anglo-Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation (1911) North Pacific Fur Seal Convention of 1911
World War I–II (1913–1945)	Japan-China Treaty of 1915 Lansing–Ishii Agreement (1917) Sino-Japanese Joint Defence Agreement (1918) Treaty of Versailles (1919) Covenant of the League of Nations (1919) Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1919) Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine (1919) Svalbard Treaty (1920) Gongota Agreement of 1920 Treaty of Sèvres (1920) Treaty of Trianon (1920) Four-Power Treaty (1921) Nine-Power Treaty (1922) Treaty concerning solution of Shandong issues (1922) [ja] Washington Naval Treaty (1922) Treaty of Lausanne (1923) Klaipėda Convention (1924) Soviet–Japanese Basic Convention (1925) German–Japanese Treaty of Commerce and Navigation (1927) Kellogg–Briand Pact (1928) Japan-China Customs Agreement (1930) London Naval Treaty (1930) Shanghai Ceasefire Agreement (1932) Japan-Manchukuo Protocol (1932) Tanggu Truce (1933) India-Japan Agreement of 1934 Japan-Manchukuo-Soviet Protocol for Cession of North Manchuria Railway (1935) [ja] He–Umezu Agreement (1935) Chin-Doihara Agreement (1935) Canada-Japan New Trade Agreement (1935) Japan-Netherlands Shipping Agreement (1936) Anti-Comintern Pact (1936) Hart-Ishizawa Agreement (1937) India-Japan Agreement of 1937 Van Mook-Kotani Agreement (1938) Arita-Craigie Agreement (1939) Tripartite Pact (1940) Japan-China Basic Relations Treaty (1940) Japan-Manchukuo-China Joint Declaration (1940) [ja] Treaty between Thailand and Japan (1940) Soviet–Japanese Neutrality Pact (1941) Japan-Thailand Offensive and Defensive Alliance Treaty (1941) [ja] Japanese Instrument of Surrender (1945)
During the Cold War (1945–1989)	Security Treaty between the United States and Japan (1951) Treaty of San Francisco (1951) Treaty of Taipei (1952) Treaty of Peace between Japan and India (1952) Treaty of Peace between Japan and Burma (1954) Japan–Philippines Reparations Agreement (1956) Soviet–Japanese Joint Declaration of 1956 Treaty of Peace between Japan and Indonesia (1958) Japan–South Vietnam Reparations Agreement (1959) Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security between the United States and Japan (1960) U.S.–Japan Status of Forces Agreement Tokyo Convention (1963) Treaty on Basic Relations Between Japan and the Republic of Korea (1965) Ogasawara Reversion Agreement (1968) Okinawa Reversion Agreement (1971) Japan–China Joint Communiqué (1972) Japan-North Vietnam Joint Communiqué (1973) Japan–China Trade Agreement (1974) Basic Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation (1976) Japan-Mongolia Agreement on Economic Cooperation (1977) Treaty of Peace and Friendship between Japan and China (1978)
Post-Cold War (1989–)	US-Japanese Fishery Agreement (1991) South Korean-Japanese Agreement on Cooperation in the Field of Environmental Protection (1993) Kyoto Protocol (1997) Japan-Korea GSOMIA (2016) Australian-Japanese Security Treaty (2022) Japan-Israel Defense Agreement (2022) American–Japanese–Korean trilateral pact (2023)

v t e Diplomatic history of World War II
Conferences	U.S.–British Staff Conference (1941) First Inter-Allied Conference (1941) Atlantic Conference (1941) Second Inter-Allied Conference (1941) First Moscow Conference (1941) Arcadia Conference (1941– 1942) Third Inter-Allied Conference (1942) Second Washington Conference (1942) Second Moscow Conference (1942) Casablanca Conference (1943) Adana Conference (1943) Third Washington Conference (1943) First Quebec Conference (1943) Third Moscow Conference (1943) Cairo Conference (1943) Greater East Asia Conference (1943) Tehran Conference (1943) Second Cairo Conference (1943) Commonwealth Prime Ministers' Conference (1944) Bretton Woods Conference (1944) Dumbarton Oaks Conference (1944) Second Quebec Conference (1944) Fourth Moscow Conference (1944) Malta Conference (1945) Yalta Conference (1945) United Nations Conference on International Organization (1945) Potsdam Conference (1945)
Declarations and treaties	Munich Agreement (1938) Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact (1939) Pact of Steel (1939) Anglo-Thai Non-Aggression Pact (1940) Destroyers-for-bases deal (1940) Franco-Italian Armistice (1940) Moscow Peace Treaty (1940) Tripartite Pact (1940) Declaration of St James's Palace (1941) Anglo-Soviet Agreement (1941) Armistice of Saint Jean d'Acre (1941) Atlantic Charter (1941) German–Turkish Treaty of Friendship (1941) Paris Protocols (1941) Declaration by United Nations (1942) Punishment for War Crimes (1942) Anglo-Soviet Treaty of 1942 (1942) Armistice of Cassibile (1943) Cairo Declaration (1943) Moscow Declarations (1943) Declaration of the Four Nations Treaty between the United States and China for the Relinquishment of Extraterritorial Rights in China Sino-British Treaty for the Relinquishment of Extra-Territorial Rights in China (1943) Moscow Armistice (1944) Nuremberg Charter (1945) Potsdam Agreement (1945) Potsdam Declaration (1945) United Nations Charter (1945) Paris Peace Treaties (1947) Treaty of San Francisco (1951) Austrian State Treaty (1955) Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany (1990)
Organizations	Anglo-French Supreme War Council Sino-American Cooperative Organization European Advisory Commission Council of Foreign Ministers
Related	German Instrument of Surrender Japanese Instrument of Surrender

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