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Abbé François-Xavier-Marc-Antoine de Montesquiou-Fézensac (château de Marsan, Gers, 3 August 1757 – Chateau de Cirey, Haute-Marne, 4 February 1832) was a French clergyman and politician.

Biography

He was a member of a very old French nobility family from Gascony. His kinsman Anne-Pierre, marquis de Montesquiou-Fézensac would serve alongside him in the National Assembly.

Montesquiou-Fézensac was named (1782) Abbé of Beaulieu, near Langres. The Abbé de Montesquieu attended the Assembly of the French clergy (1785) as Agent-General.

French Revolution

The Abbé was elected by the First Estate of Paris to the Estates General of 1789. He would stand out alongside the Abbé Maury by his oratory, and was elected president of the National Assembly three times. He presided over the Assembly an impressive three terms (4–18 January 1790; 28 February - 15 March 1790; 14–30 March 1791).

He opposed strongly the Civil Constitution of the Clergy and supported the monarchy. He was forced to flee to England after the Storming of the Tuileries (10 August 1792). He lived in the United States 1792-1795 during the Reign of Terror.

Restoration

He returned to France after 9 Thermidor (27 July 1794) and immediately took up the royalist cause as one of the agents of Louis XVIII. He became a member of the Royalist Committee in Paris, and for his activism he was once exiled to Menton.

Under the First Restoration he was appointed Minister of the Interior ( 13 May 1814 - 19 March 1815 ). In his brief term he appointed Pierre-Paul Royer-Collard and director of the library François Guizot secretary general.

The Second Restoration, he had the title of Minister of State. Elected deputy by the department of Gers, he opted for the Chamber of Peers with the title of Count (as of 31 August 1817) and Duke (as of 30 April 1821). He resigned his peerage 9 January 1832, shortly before his death.

He was appointed member of the Académie française by royal decree of 21 March 1816 . He was also elected member of the Academy of Inscriptions and Belles-Lettres on 12 August 1816.

He left manuscripts on the history of Louis XV and Louis XVI and a travel journal for the U.S. and Canada but did nothing to have them published.

External links

• William L. Clements Library, The University of Michigan, Article on the journal of the abbé de Montesquiou's North American trip Archived 2007-06-29 at the Wayback Machine
• Article on the abbé de Montesquiou

v t e French Provisional Government of 1814 (1 April 1814 to 13 May 1814)
Head of State: Charles-Philippe of France − King Louis XVIII of France
Members	Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord (President) Pierre Riel de Beurnonville François de Jaucourt Emmerich Joseph de Dalberg François-Xavier-Marc-Antoine de Montesquiou-Fézensac	Talleyrand
Foreign Affairs	Antoine de Laforêt
Justice	Pierre Paul Nicolas Henrion de Pansey
Interior	Jacques Claude Beugnot
War	Pierre Dupont de l'Étang
Finance, Commerce and Industry	Joseph-Dominique Louis
Navy and Colonies	Pierre-Victor Malouet
Police	Jules Anglès
Secretary-general	Dupont de Nemours
Preceded by Ministers of Napoleon • Followed by Government of the first Bourbon restoration

• 1757 births
• 1832 deaths
• People from Gers
• Montesquiou family
• Dukes of France
• French abbots
• Legitimists
• French interior ministers
• Members of the National Constituent Assembly (France)
• Members of the 1st Chamber of Deputies of the Bourbon Restoration
• Members of Parliament for Gers
• Members of the Chamber of Peers of the Bourbon Restoration
• 19th-century French historians
• Members of the Académie Française
• Order of the Holy Spirit