 1937 Nobel Prize in Literature | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Roger Martin du Gard | ||||
 "for the artistic power and truth with which he has depicted human conflict as well as some fundamental aspects of contemporary life in his novel-cycle Les Thibault." | ||||
| Date |
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| Location | Stockholm, Sweden | |||
| Presented by | Swedish Academy | |||
| First awarded | 1901 | |||
| Website | Official website | |||
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The 1937 Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to the French author Roger Martin du Gard (1881–1958) "for the artistic power and truth with which he has depicted human conflict as well as some fundamental aspects of contemporary life in his novel-cycle Les Thibault".
Laureate
Main article: Roger Martin du GardRoger Martin du Gard was awarded for the then seven-part (a final eight part was later published) novel cycle Les Thibault (1922-1940), that chronicles a family of the bourgeoisie from the turn of the 19th century to World War I. His other work includes the novel Jean Barois (1913) that deals with the conflict between the Roman catholic faith of his childhood and the scientific materialism of his maturity and the impact of the Dreyfus affair on the protagonist, sketches of French country life in Vielle France ("Old France", 1933), a study of the author and his friend André Gide (Notes sur André Gide, 1951), and dramas.
Les Thibault
The multi-volume roman-fleuve Les Thibault influenced the Nobel Committee in awarding Du Gard the 1937 Nobel Prize in Literature. It follows intricately the fortunes of two brothers, Antoine and Jacques Thibault, from their upbringing in a prosperous Catholic bourgeois family to the end of the First World War. The novel was admired by authors like André Gide, Albert Camus, Clifton Fadiman, and Georg Lukacs. In contrast, Mary McCarthy called it "a work whose learned obtuseness is, so far as I know, unequaled in fiction."
Deliberations
Nominations
Roger Martin du Gard had been nominated for the prize five times since 1934. In 1937, the Nobel committee received 62 nominations for 37 writers including Frans Emil Sillanpää (awarded in 1939), Paul Valéry, Paul Claudel, Kostis Palamas, António Correia de Oliveira, Bertel Gripenberg, Karel Capek and Georges Duhamel. Fourteen were newly nominated such as Stijn Streuvels, Jean Giono, Johan Falkberget, Valdemar Rørdam and Albert Verwey. Most nominations were submitted for the Danish author Johannes V. Jensen (awarded in 1944) with seven nominations. There were seven female nominees namely Maria Madalena de Martel Patrício, Ricarda Huch, Ivana Brlić-Mažuranić, Maila Talvio, Maria Jotuni, Cecile Tormay and Sally Salminen.
The authors Lou Andreas-Salomé, J. M. Barrie, Ellis Parker Butler, Aleksey Chapygin, Ralph Connor, Francis de Croisset, Alberto de Oliveira, John Drinkwater, Florence Dugdale, Edward Garnett, Antonio Gramsci, Frances Nimmo Greene, Ivor Gurney, Elizabeth Haldane, Élie Halévy, W. F. Harvey, Ilya Ilf, Attila József, H. P. Lovecraft, Don Marquis, H. C. McNeile, Dashdorjiin Natsagdorj, Rudolf Otto, Mittie Frances Point (known as Mrs. Alex. McVeigh Miller), Horacio Quiroga, Jean-Joseph Rabearivelo and Yevgeny Zamyatin died in 1937 without having been nominated for the prize. The Dutch poet Albert Verwey died before the only chance to be rewarded.
| No. | Nominee | Country | Genre(s) | Nominator(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | René Béhaine (1880–1966) |  France
|
novel, short story, essays |
|
| 2 | Ivana Brlić-Mažuranić (1874–1938) |  Yugoslavia(  Croatia)
|
novel, short story |
|
| 3 | Paul Claudel (1868–1955) | France
|
poetry, drama, essays, memoir | Peter Hjalmar Rokseth (1891–1945) |
| 4 | António Correia de Oliveira (1878–1960) |  Portugal
|
poetry | Luís da Cunha Gonçalvez (1875–1956) |
| 5 | Karel Čapek (1890–1938) |  Czechoslovakia
|
drama, novel, short story, essays, literary criticism | Josef Šusta (1874–1945) |
| 6 | Maria Madalena de Martel Patrício (1884–1947) | Portugal
|
poetry, essays | António Baião (1878–1961) |
| 7 | Roger Martin du Gard (1881–1958) | France
|
novel, drama, memoir | Torsten Fogelqvist (1880–1941) |
| 8 | Georges Duhamel (1884–1966) | France
|
novel, short story, poetry, drama, literary criticism |
|
| 9 | Olav Duun (1876–1939) |  Norway
|
novel, short story | Helga Eng (1875–1966) |
| 10 | Johan Falkberget (1879–1967) | Norway
|
novel, short story, essays | Fredrik Paasche (1886–1943) |
| 11 | Jean Giono (1895–1970) | France
|
novel, short story, essays, poetry, drama |
|
| 12 | Bertel Gripenberg (1878–1947) |  Finland Sweden
|
poetry, drama, essays | Magnus Hammarström (1893–1941) |
| 13 | Vilhelm Grønbech (1873–1948) |  Denmark
|
history, essays, poetry | William Norvin (1878–1940) |
| 14 | Jarl Hemmer (1893–1944) | Finland
|
poetry, novel | Hjalmar Hammarskjöld (1862–1953) |
| 15 | Ricarda Huch (1864–1947) |  Germany
|
history, essays, novel, poetry |
|
| 16 | Johannes Vilhelm Jensen (1873–1950) | Denmark
|
novel, short story, essays |
|
| 17 | Maria Jotuni (1880–1943) | Finland
|
drama, novel, short story, essays | Viljo Tarkiainen (1879–1951) |
| 18 | Ludwig Klages (1872–1956) | Germany
|
philosophy, poetry, essays | Wilhelm Pinder (1878–1947) |
| 19 | Erwin Guido Kolbenheyer (1878–1962) |  Austria
|
novel, short story, poetry, drama | Heinz Kindermann (1894–1985) |
| 20 | Maurice Magre (1877–1941) | France
|
novel, poetry, drama |
|
| 21 | Bensadhar Majumdar (?) |  India
|
essays | Sen Satyendranath (1909–?) |
| 22 | John Masefield (1878–1967) |  United Kingdom
|
poetry, drama, novel, short story, essays, autobiography | Anders Österling (1884–1981) |
| 23 | Dmitry Merezhkovsky (1865–1941) |  Soviet Union
|
novel, essays, poetry, drama | Sigurd Agrell (1881–1937) |
| 24 | Kostis Palamas (1859–1943) |  Greece
|
poetry, essays | Nikos Athanasiou Veēs (1882–1958) |
| 25 | Jules Payot (1859–1940) | France
|
pedagogy, philosophy | Alfred Baudrillart, C.O. (1859–1942) |
| 26 | William Pickard (1889–1973) | United Kingdom
|
novel, poetry, essays | Arthur Bernard Cook (1868–1952) |
| 27 | Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan (1888–1975) | India
|
philosophy, essays, law | Hjalmar Hammarskjöld (1862–1953) |
| 28 | Valdemar Rørdam (1872–1946) | Denmark
|
poetry, essays | Ejnar Thomsen (1897–1956) |
| 29 | Sally Salminen (1906–1976) | Finland
|
novel, essays, autobiography | Albert Engström (1869–1940) |
| 30 | Arnold Schering (1877–1941) | Germany
|
essays | Ilmari Krohn (1867–1960) |
| 31 | Frans Eemil Sillanpää (1888–1964) | Finland
|
novel, short story, poetry |
|
| 32 | Stijn Streuvels (1871–1969) |  Belgium
|
novel, short story |
|
| 33 | Maila Talvio (1871–1951) | Finland
|
novel, short story, translation | Ilmari Krohn (1867–1960) |
| 34 | Shaul Tchernichovsky (1875–1943) | Soviet Union Mandatory Palestine
|
poetry, essays, translation | Joseph Klausner (1874–1958) |
| 35 | Cécile Tormay (1875–1937) |  Hungary
|
novel, short story, essays, translation |
|
| 36 | Paul Valéry (1871–1945) | France
|
poetry, philosophy, essays, drama | Gabriel Hanotaux (1853–1944) |
| 37 | Albert Verwey (1865–1937) |  Netherlands
|
poetry, essays, translation |
|
Notes
- Karel Čapek was also nominated by 9 other professors of history or literature at Prague University.
- Several thousand other nominations of Jean Giono were by ineligible nominators.
- 27 professors from the universities of Bern, Basel, Geneva and Zürich in Switzerland, and Groningen, Netherlands.
- The nomination was made in 9 separate letters by 15 Finnish university professor and Academy members.
References
- "The Nobel Prize in Literature 1937". nobelprize.org.
- "Roger Martin du Gard". britannica.com.
- The New Republic, 26 April 1939
- "Nomination archive - Roger Martin du Gard".
- "Nomination archive". nobelprize.org. April 2020.
External links
- Award ceremony speech by Per Hallström
- Banquet speech by Roger Martin du Gard
