Misplaced Pages

You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in German. (February 2021) Click for important translation instructions. View a machine-translated version of the German article. Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Misplaced Pages. Consider adding a topic to this template: there are already 2,136 articles in the main category, and specifying|topic= will aid in categorization. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing German Misplaced Pages article at ]; see its history for attribution. You may also add the template {{Translated|de|Universität im Nationalsozialismus}} to the talk page. For more guidance, see Misplaced Pages:Translation.

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Universities in Nazi Germany" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (April 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

This article discusses universities in Nazi Germany. In May 1933 books from university libraries which were deemed culturally destructive, mainly due to anti-National Socialist or Jewish themes or authors, were burned by the Deutsche Studentenschaft (German Student Union) in town squares, e.g. in Berlin, and the curricula were subsequently modified. Martin Heidegger became the rector (and later head) of Freiburg University, where he delivered a number of National Socialist speeches and for example promulgated the Führerprinzip at the University on August 21, 1933.

Well-known expelled professors

• Albert Einstein
• Max Born
• Fritz Haber
• Otto Fritz Meyerhof
• Theodor W. Adorno
• Martin Buber
• Ernst Bloch
• Max Horkheimer
• Ernst Cassirer
• Herbert Marcuse
• Lise Meitner
• Louis Hamilton, 1879-1948 (not Louis Kemppel Hamilton, 1890–1957)

Austrian universities

The University of Vienna participated in National Socialism. Eduard Pernkopf (rector 1943–1945) compiled a "Topographical Anatomy of the Human Species". Hans Sedlmayr, a declared National Socialist, led an art institute throughout the war.

Germanized universities

The first Reichsuniversität began operations in Prague on November 4, 1939.

The University of Poznań was closed by the German Occupation in 1939, and reopened on April 27, 1941 as Reichsuniversität Posen, a Grenzlanduniversität aligned with Nazi ideology. Its faculty included historian Reinhard Wittram [de] and anatomist Hermann Voss. The German university ceased operations in 1944, and the University of Poznań reopened in 1945.

The University of Strasbourg was transferred to Clermont-Ferrand in 1939 and Reichsuniversität Straßburg existed from November 23, 1941 until the Allied recapture of the city in 1944. It was notably the site of medical experimentation on and murder of Jews and other concentration camp inmates led by the Dean of the Medical School, August Hirt.

See also

• German Student Union
• National Socialist German Lecturers League
• National Socialist German Students' League
• Vow of allegiance of the Professors of the German Universities and High-Schools to Adolf Hitler and the National Socialistic State

References

1. ^ Teresa Wróblewska (2000). Die Reichsuniversitäten Posen, Prag und Strassburg als Modelle nationalsozialistischer Hochschulen in den von Deutschland besetzten Gebieten (in German). Toruń: Adam Marszałek. p. 221. ISBN 9788371746741.
2. S. Hildebrandt (2009). "Review, Anatomy in the Third Reich: An Outline, Part 1" (PDF). Clinical Anatomy. 22 (8): 883–93. doi:10.1002/ca.20872. hdl:2027.42/64328. PMID 19852053. S2CID 38912282.

Sources

• John Connelly; Michael Grüttner, eds. (2005). Universities under dictatorship. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press. ISBN 9780271026954.
• Grüttner, Michael (2022). "The Expulsion of Academic Teaching Staff from German Universities, 1933–45". Journal of Contemporary History. 57 (3): 513–533. doi:10.1177/00220094211063074. S2CID 245419038.
• When books burn (web exhibit). University of Arizona Library. 2006. Retrieved 2019-05-07.
• Historiker im Nationalsozialismus... by Ingo Haar
• Wechsler, Patrick (1991). La Faculté de Medecine de la „Reichsuniversität Straßburg“ (1941-1945) à l’heure nationale-socialiste (in French), dissertation, University of Freiburg. Published online, 2005. Retrieved 2019-05-07. urn:nbn:de:bsz:25-freidok-18966
• Louis Hamilton, A British Scholar in Nazi Germany, 1933–1938, in Nigel Copsey (ed.), Journal of Comparative Fascist Studies, 2016.
• Hentschel, Klaus (ed. 1996) Physics and National Socialism. An Anthology of Primary Sources, Basel: Birkhäuser 1996. ISBN 978-3-0348-0202-4
• Teresa Wróblewska: Die Reichsuniversitäten Posen, Prag und Strassburg als Modelle nationalsozialistischer Hochschulen in den von Deutschland besetzten Gebieten, Marszalek, Toruń 2000. ISBN 83-7174-674-1
• “Louis Hamilton, a British academic and Canada specialist in Germany”, in William Keel (ed.), Yearbook of German-American Studies, 2008.

This intellectual history article is a stub. You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it.

• v
• t
• e

This article related to Nazi Germany is a stub. You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it.

• v
• t
• e

• Education in Nazi Germany
• Higher education in Germany
• History of universities and colleges in Germany
• Intellectual history stubs
• Nazi Germany stubs