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Militsiya of the Republic of Belarus Міліцыя Рэспублікi Беларусь (Belarusian) Милиция Республики Беларусь (Russian)
Belarusian Militsiya emblem
Common name	Militsiya
Agency overview
Formed	March 1, 1991
Preceding agency	Militsiya
Jurisdictional structure
National agency (Operations jurisdiction)	Belarus
Operations jurisdiction	Belarus
Legal jurisdiction	Belarus
General nature	Civilian police
Operational structure
Child agency	Minsk City Police Department

The Militsiya of the Republic of Belarus (Belarusian: Міліцыя Рэспублікi Беларусь, Russian: Милиция Республики Беларусь) is a law enforcement agency in Belarus responsible for regular policing duties in the country.

History

The original Belarusian Militsiya was founded on 4 March 1917 during the events of the February Revolution, when prominent Bolshevik leader and politician Mikhail Frunze was appointed temporary police chief of the local Minsk civilian militia. Just three days later, various Belarusian cities began the process of creating police departments. The provisional regulations on the police were issued on 17 April 1917, establishing the Militsiya as an executive body of state power. In Belarus, as well as in newly formed Russian SFSR as a whole, the Militsiya replaced the previous Tsarist police services such as the Okhrana. On 10 November (28 October, O.S.) 1917, days after the October Revolution took place, the People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs (NKVD) issued a decree on the first normative act defining the creation of the Soviet Militsiya.

A single police structure was developed for the Socialist Soviet Republic of Byelorussia in 1919, which enabled on 30 November 1920 in the form of the Main Police Administration of the BSSR. In July 1934, the NKVD took up secret police duties in the Belarusian SSR, with duties being transferred to the BSSR's Interior Ministry in March 1946. In early February 1962, law enforcement was handled solely by Soviet Belarusian authorities instead of the national agency. On 1 March 1991, the Supreme Soviet of Belarus enacted the Law "On the Police", which is the main legal act regulating the activities of the internal affairs bodies of an independent republic. On 17 July 2007, the National Assembly of Belarus adopted a law effectively making the Belarusian police a fundamental and flagship agency of the MVD/MUS. 4 March is today considered the birthday of the modern Belarusian police service.

Structure

Its law enforcement central agency, the Militsiya, is considered to be the main policing and law enforcement agency in Belarus, consisting of services such as:

• National Police Headquarters
  • Criminal Police
    • Central Department of Criminal Investigation
    • Central Department for Combatting Economic Crimes
    • Department for Drug Control and Trafficking in Human Beings Combatting
  • Public Security Police
    • Central Department for Law and Order Ensuring and Prevention of Crimes
    • Department of State Traffic Police
    • Department of Daily On-Duty Service
  • Regional affiliates
    • Minsk City Police Department
    • Brest City Police Department
    • Gomel City Police Department
    • Mogilev City Police Department
    • Vitebsk City Police Department
  • Educational Institutions
    • The Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Belarus
    • The Mogilev Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs
    • Centre for Professional Development of Executives and Specialists of the Ministry of Internal Affairs
    • Minsk City Cadet College № 1

Police ranks

Officers

Rank group	General / flag officers										Senior officers						Junior officers
Militsiya
					Ґенэрал-палкоўнік G̀jeneral-palkoŭnik		Ґенэрал-лейтэнант G̀jeneral-liejtenant		Ґенэрал-маёр G̀jeneral-major		Палкоўнік Palkoŭnik		Падпалкоўнік Padpalkoŭnik		Маёр Major		Капітан Kapitan		Старшы лейтэнант Staršy liejtenant		Лейтэнант Liejtenant		Малодшы лейтэнант Malodšy liejtenant

Cadets

Rank group	Senior NCOs																						Junior NCOs						Enlisted
Militsiya
	Курсант Старшы прапаршчык Kursant Staršy praparščyk			Курсант Прапаршчык Kursant Praparščyk			Курсант Старшына Kursant Staršyna		Курсант Старшы сяржант Kursant Staršy siaržant		Курсант Сяржант Kursant Siaržant						Курсант Малодшы сяржант Kursant Malodšy siaržant						Курсант Яфрэйтар Kursant Jafrejtar				Курсант Радавы Kursant Radavy

Enlisted

Rank group	Senior NCOs																						Junior NCOs						Enlisted
Militsiya
	Старшы прапаршчык Staršy praparščyk			Прапаршчык Praparščyk			Старшына Staršyna		Старшы сяржант Staršy siaržant		Сяржант Siaržant						Малодшы сяржант Malodšy siaržant						Яфрэйтар Jafrejtar				Радавы Radavy

Gallery

• A Soviet Belarusian policemen in their regular uniform, c 1950s.
• Police officers during civil unrest on October Square.
• Belarusian riot police during a Freedom Day rally in March 2017.
• A specially designed UAZ Patriot police car with the Minsk City Police Department in April 2019.
• A monument in Gomel commemorating the centennial anniversary of the Belarusian police.
• A Belarusian police car in the Museum of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.
• Belarusian policewomen.
• Rubezh special vehicle
• STREIT Predator water cannon

See also

• Police of Russia
• National Police of Ukraine

References

1. Books, L. L. C. (July 26, 2010). Law Enforcement Agencies of Belarus: Militsiya, Belarusian Auxiliary Police, State Security Committee of the Republic of Belarus. General Books LLC. ISBN 9781158413461 – via Google Books.
2. "История ГУВД — ГУВД Минского Горисполкома". Archived from the original on 2008-07-05. Retrieved 2019-06-30.
3. "Law on police use of force in Belarus | The Law on Police Use of Force". Policinglaw.info. Retrieved 2019-07-02.
4. "History of Belarusian Militia". Ministry of Internal Affairs. Retrieved 2023-07-09.

External links

Media related to Law enforcement in Belarus at Wikimedia Commons

• Law enforcement agencies of Belarus
• Government agencies established in 1917
• 1917 establishments in Russia
• Government agencies established in 1991
• 1991 establishments in Belarus
• Militsiya