Instruction on transliteration of Belarusian geographical names with letters of Latin script was an official standard of romanization of Belarusian geographical names.
Status
The instruction was adopted by a decree of the Belarusian State Committee on Land Resources, Geodetics and Cartography (2000-11-23). The official name of the document is: Russian: «Инструкция по транслитерации географических названий Республики Беларусь буквами латинского алфавита». The document had been published in the National registry of the judicial acts of the Republic Belarus (issue №3, 2001-01-11).
It is reported in the press that since October 2006 this instruction is recommended for use by the Working Group on Romanization Systems of the United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names (UNGEGN). The final decision of the UN was planned for a 2007 conference.
The system was modified again on 11 June 2007, mainly in order to conform with the recommendations of the UN WGRS, which advise avoiding the use of digraphs if possible, and adopted by the UN in version 3.0 of their romanization report, 17 March 2008. This transliteration standard is based on the traditional Belarusian Latin alphabet (Łacinka).
In February 2013, the system was recommended for adoption as the international system for the romanization of Belarusian geographical names.
The instruction replaces the previous equivalent regulations and sets up the rules of the rendering of the Belarusian geographical names, which are mandatory on the territory of the Republic of Belarus, when producing the cartographic and other (equivalent?) goods, destined for the international use.
A new romanization system was adopted in 2023 for both Belarusian and Russian within the country, effectively abandoning the use of Łacinka-based transliteration.
Romanization guidelines
Three diacritical signs are used:
- caron ( ˇ ), U+030C, combined only with Cc, Ss, Zz.
- acute accent ( ´ ), U+0301, combined only with Cc, Ll, Nn, Ss, Zz.
- breve ( ˘ ), U+0306, combined only with Uu.
| Cyrillic | Romanization | Special provision | Examples |
|---|---|---|---|
| А а | A а | - | Аршанскi - Aršanski |
| Б б | B b | - | Бешанковiчы - Biešankovičy |
| В в | V v | - | Вiцебск - Viciebsk |
| Г г | H h | - | Гомель - Homieĺ, Гаўя - Наŭjа |
| Д д | D d | - | Добруш - Dobruš |
| Е е | Je je | In the beginning of the word, after the vowels or the apostrophe or the separating soft sign or the Ўў/Ŭŭ. | Ельск - Jеĺsk, Бабаедава - Babajedava |
| iе | After the consonants. | Лепель - Liepieĺ | |
| Ё ё | Jo jo | In the beginning of the word, after the vowels or the apostrophe or the separating soft sign or the Ўў/Ŭŭ. | Ёды - Jody, Вераб’ёвiчы - Vierabjovičy |
| io | After the consonants. | Мёры - Miory | |
| Ж ж | Ž ž | - | Жодзiшкi - Žodziški |
| З з | Z z | - | Зэльва - Zeĺva |
| І і | I i | - | Iванава - Ivanava, Iўе - Iŭje |
| Й й | J j | - | Лагойск - Lahojsk |
| К к | K k | - | Круглае - Kruhlaje |
| Л л | L l | - | Любань - Liubań |
| М м | M m | - | Магiлёў - Mahilioŭ |
| Н н | N n | - | Нясвiж - Niasviž |
| О о | O o | - | Орша - Orša |
| П п | P p | - | Паставы - Pastavy |
| Р р | R r | - | Рагачоў - Rahačoŭ |
| С с | S s | - | Светлагорск - Svietlahorsk |
| Т т | T t | - | Талачын - Talačyn |
| У у | U u | - | Узда - Uzda |
| Ў ў | Ŭ ŭ | - | Шаркаўшчына - Šarkaŭščyna |
| Ф ф | F f | - | Фанiпаль - Fanipaĺ |
| Х х | Ch ch | - | Хоцiмск - Chocimsk |
| Ц ц | C c | - | Цёмны Лес - Ciоmny Lies |
| Ч ч | Č č | - | Чавусы - Čavusy |
| Ш ш | Š š | - | Шумiлiна - Šumilina |
| ’(apostrophe) | - | Not transliterated. | Раз’езд - Razjezd |
| Ы ы | Y y | - | Чыгiрынка - Čyhirynka |
| Ь ь | ´ (acute accent) | Combining acute. | дзь = dź, зь = ź, ль = ĺ, нь = ń, сь = ś, ць = ć. Example: Чэрвень - Červień |
| Э э | E e | - | Чачэрск - Čačersk |
| Ю ю | Ju ju | In the beginning of the word, after the vowels or the apostrophe or the separating soft sign or the Ўў/Ŭŭ. | Юхнаўка - Juchnaŭka, Гаюцiна - Hajucina |
| iu | After the consonants. | Любонiчы - Liuboničy | |
| Я я | Ja ja | In the beginning of the word, after the vowels or the apostrophe or the separating soft sign or the Ўў/Ŭŭ. | Ямнае - Jamnaje, Баяры - Bajary |
| iа | After the consonants. | Вязынка - Viazynka, Bаляр’яны - Valiarjany |
Note: The initial 2000 version differed from the above: ў = ú, ь = ’ (apostrophe; e.g., дзь = dz’, зь = z’, ль = l’, нь = n’, сь = s’, ць = c’).
See also
References
- "Ninth United Nations Conference on the Standardization of Geographical Names" (PDF). State Committee of the Property of the Republic of Belarus. 10 July 2007. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 August 2009.
- Olga Shestkova (13 October 2006). На мировых картах не будет Weissrusland. Только Belarus’: Иностранцы будут писать наши названия белорусской латинкой [On world maps there will be no Weissrussland. Only Belarus': Foreigners will write our names in Belarusian Latinka] (in Russian). Komsomolskaya Pravda. Archived from the original on 17 October 2006.
- "Report on the current status of United Nations Romanization Systems for geographical names: Compiled by the UNGEGN Working Group on Romanization Systems Version 2.2" (PDF). Institute of the Estonian Language. January 2003. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 September 2007.
- ^ "Report on the current status of United Nations Romanization Systems for geographical names compiled by the UNGEGN Working Group on Romanization Systems Version 4.0: Belarusian". Institute of the Estonian Language. February 2013. Retrieved 16 January 2016.
- "United Nations Group of Experts on geographical names (UNGEGN): Working Group on Romanization Systems Resolution X/6 (2012), Romanization of Belarusian geographical names". Institute of the Estonian Language. 2012. Retrieved 16 January 2016.
- "Instrukcija po peredache naimenovanij geograficheskih objektov s belorusskogo i russkogo jazykov na drugie jazyki i transliteracii naimenovanij geograficheskih objektov bukvami latinskogo alfavita". Gosudarstvennyj komitet po imushchestvu Respubliki Belarus. 2023. Retrieved 13 August 2024.
- "Писать "Ščučynščyna" уже нельзя: в Беларуси отменили белорусскую латиницу в географических названиях". Hrodna.life - новости Гродно (in Russian). 4 April 2023.
External links
- №8/4488 Об утверждении Инструкции по транслитерации географических названий Республики Беларусь буквами латинского алфавита // Национальный реестр правовых актов Республики Беларусь. №3, 11 января 2001.
- 8/16668 О внесении изменений и дополнений в Инструкцию по транслитерации географических названий Республики Беларусь буквами латинского алфавита
- National System of Geographic Names Transmission into Roman Alphabet in Belarus. Ninth United Nations Conference on the Standardization of Geographical Names. New York, 21–30 August 2007. Document E/CONF.98/CRP.21.
- United Nations Statistics Division, Geographical Names
- Keyboard Lithuaniae 1009—2009 i Litwinska-biełaruskaja lacinskaja abeceda
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