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The 1991 Nobel Prizes were awarded by the Nobel Foundation, based in Sweden. Six categories were awarded: Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, Peace, and Economic Sciences.

Prizes

Physics

Awardee(s)
	Pierre-Gilles de Gennes (1932–2007)	French	"for discovering that methods developed for studying order phenomena in simple systems can be generalized to more complex forms of matter, in particular to liquid crystals and polymers"

Chemistry

Awardee(s)
	Richard R. Ernst (1933–2021)	Swiss	"for his contributions to the development of the methodology of high resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy"

Physiology or Medicine

Awardee(s)
	Erwin Neher (b. 1944)	Germany	"for their discoveries concerning the function of single ion channels in cells"
	Bert Sakmann (b. 1942)

Literature

Awardee(s)
	Nadine Gordimer (1923–2014)	South Africa	"who through her magnificent epic writing has – in the words of Alfred Nobel – been of very great benefit to humanity"

Peace

Awardee(s)
	Aung San Suu Kyi (born 1945)	Myanmar	"for her non-violent struggle for democracy and human rights."

Economic Sciences

Awardee(s)
	Ronald Coase (1910–2013)	United Kingdom	"for his discovery and clarification of the significance of transaction costs and property rights for the institutional structure and functioning of the economy"

References

1. "All Nobel Prizes". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 2024-12-11.
2. "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1991". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 2 November 2008. Retrieved 9 October 2008.
3. "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1991". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 17 August 2008. Retrieved 6 October 2008.
4. "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1991". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 18 July 2007. Retrieved 28 July 2007.
5. "Nobel Prize in Literature 1991". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 2008-10-21. Retrieved 2008-10-17.
6. "The Nobel Peace Prize 1991". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 2008-10-21. Retrieved 2022-03-02.
7. "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1991". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 2008-10-28. Retrieved 2008-10-14.

• Nobel Prize by year
• 1991 awards