Human settlement in England
Prussia Cove
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|---|---|
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  Prussia CoveLocation within Cornwall | |
| OS grid reference | SW556299 |
| Unitary authority | |
| Ceremonial county | |
| Region | |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | PENZANCE |
| Postcode district | TR20 |
| Dialling code | 01736 |
| Police | Devon and Cornwall |
| Fire | Cornwall |
| Ambulance | South Western |
| UK Parliament | |
| 50°06′05″N 5°25′07″W / 50.1013°N 5.4186°W / 50.1013; -5.4186 | |
Prussia Cove (Cornish: Porth Legh), formerly called King's Cove, is a small private estate on the coast of Mount's Bay and to the east of Cudden Point, west Cornwall, England, United Kingdom.
Part of the area is designated as a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI), a Geological Conservation Review site and is in an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB). It consists of four small coves and several cottages and houses. The names of the coves from west to east are Piskies, Bessy's, King's and Coule's. The area is accessible by foot from the South West Coast Path The cove is known for the 18th-century ship-wrecker and smuggler John Carter, also known as the "King of Prussia".
History
Prussia Cove is known for the 18th-century ship-wrecker and smuggler John Carter (born 1738), also known as the "King of Prussia"; thought to be from a childhood game he played and the origin of the name for the area. Evidence of smuggling can be inferred by the building of the terrace of seven listed cottages overlooking Coule's Cove and Mount's Bay. They were built in 1826 by the Coastguard and are known as Coastguard Cottages.
'Calamity at Prussia Cove'
Subscriptions advertised on 21 April 1841 amounted to £279-11-51/2d.
More are listed, including £1 from the Bishop of Oxford.
The sum collected will be lodged in the saving's bank, Penzance, in the names of the Rev. M.N. Peters, Capt. Alexander Shairp, R.N. Capt. Thomas Mathias, R.N., and the Inspecting Commander of the Coast Guard in the Penzance district, for the time being, as Trustees for the distribution of the fund. It will be applied to apprentice, and put out to service, the children that are, and may be, of a suitable age, – in the meantime the widows (under certain regulations) will receive £1 annually for the support of each of the children, and the same for themselves. Provision is made for the parties not becoming chargeable to any parish to which they do not belong. The sum of £12 will be awarded to the parents of John Carter Richards of Prussia Cove, who lost his life on the same occasion.
The parties for whom this sum has been collected, impressed with a deep sense of the great benefits conferred on them, most humbly beg to express their very grateful acknowledgement for the generous relief extended to them.
Penzance Gazette 28 April 1841.
On Sunday last, the bodies of Lieut. Smith and Wellspring, the chief boatman, who were so unfortunately drowned at Prussia Cove, in nobly attempting to render assistance to their fellow mariner, were picked up – the bodies were disfigured. Yesterday, that of Lieut. Smith was interred at Breage, and that of Wellspring, at Madron – the latter was carried from Penzance there by eight bearers, preceded by about twenty teetotalers, wearing white ribbon with a teetotal medal suspended – and a white flag, borne by the front member of that body: the whole joining in singing an appropriate hymn. The coffin was covered with a large flag. As the solemn and affecting procession proceeded up causewayhead, hundreds of individuals had assembled, whose mournful countenances spoke audibly of their inward feeling and many were the expressions of sorry, regret and pity which involuntarily escaped them. The liberal manner in which subscribers have come forward toward the pecuniary relief of the poor widows and children is a sufficient proof that all entertain the greatest sympathy for the afflicted.
Prussia Cove once had a small fishing industry. Mackerel were caught by seine net and seven of its small fleet of fishing boats were destroyed by a storm on 7 October 1880.
Built above and overlooking the coves is a Victorian house built in 1885 for du Boulay, former Archdeacon of Cornwall in his retirement. The coastal path passes through a "circus" formed by the listed buildings of Porth-en-Alls and include a crescent shaped "Lodge". The complex was designed and built by Philip Tilden in 1911 for Brian Tunstall-Behrens, but was never completed due to the Great War.
In April 1947 HMS Warspite ran aground here whilst being towed to the breakers yard. She was later towed to, beached and broken up at Marazion.
Cudden Point to Prussia Cove SSSI
Cudden Point is a prominent headland, owned by the National Trust which can be clearly seen from most of Mount's Bay. Together with Little Cudden and Piskies Cove, the area is designated as a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) and is listed, for its national importance, in the Geological Conservation Review. The SSSI notification reads:
″This is the best example in Cornwall of a mildly metamorphosed, differentiated tholeiitic intrusive greenstone that retains good relict igneous textures and mineralogy. It is characteristic of relatively large intrusive dolerite-gabbro sills in Cornwall and unique in that it is of tholeiitic composition and not alkaline. It is also internally differentiated and contains rare relicts of primary brown amphibole. The sheared and deformed marginal facies has a chemistry indicative of contact metamorphism by hidden, shallow granite extension from the nearby Godolphin diapir.″
The vegetation consists of small patches of coastal grassland with colonies of the silver-studded blue (Plebejus argus), small pearl-bordered fritillary (Boloria selene) and grayling (Hipparchia semele) butterflies. Gorse (Ulex europaeus) and bramble (Rubus fruticosus) dominate on the more fertile soils. Above the headland is ″The Lookout″ built by the Government in the 1914–18 war for coastal observation and now used as holiday accommodation.
Culture
In 2004, the British period drama Ladies in Lavender starring Judi Dench and Maggie Smith was filmed there.
International Musicians Seminar
The International Musicians Seminar (IMS) Prussia Cove held at Porth-en-Alls was founded by the Hungarian violinist, Sándor Végh and Hilary Tunstall-Behrens in 1972. The master class seminars are said to be "... an opportunity to broaden their (students) musical horizons and to make new contacts; stimuli which are vital to a developing artist". Former students and participants of the seminars are to be found among the world's leading soloists and leaders of the great orchestras of the world. Musicians play a series of spring and autumn concerts in local venues such as St Pol de Léon's Church, Paul and St Buryan's Church.
See also
References
- "Cornish Language Partnership : Place names in the SWF". Magakernow.org.uk. Archived from the original on 15 May 2013. Retrieved 3 March 2015.
- Archived 15 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine
- "Smugglers' Britain eBooks: Autobiography of a Cornish Smuggler". Smuggling.co.uk. Retrieved 3 March 2015.
- "Management Unit Statement Hoe Point to Cudden Point" (PDF). Lizard Point to Land's End Shoreline Management Plan. Cornwall and the Isles of Scilly Coastal Advisory Group. Retrieved 10 August 2011.
- Ordnance Survey: Landranger map sheet 203 Land's End ISBN 978-0-319-23148-7.
- Butler, Sadie. "The smuggling Carters of Cornwall". BBC. Retrieved 24 May 2020.
- "Smuggling in Mounts Bay, Cornwall, and the Scilly Isles". Smuggling.co.uk. Retrieved 3 March 2015.
- "Prussia Cove". Cornwall Tour. Retrieved 24 May 2020.
- "Fishing". The Cornishman. No. 44. 15 May 1879.
- "Destructive Gale In Mount's Bay And Elsewhere". The Cornishman. No. 118. 14 October 1880. p. 7.
- Clive Unger-Hamilton (19 June 1975). "Fiddling at the Smuggler's Cove". Country Life. No. 4068. p. 1622. ProQuest 1512990217. Retrieved 17 December 2021.
- Le. Messurier, B. and Luck, L. (1998) Loe Pool and Mount's Bay. No. 12 in The National Trust Coast of Cornwall series of leaflets.
- Ordnance Survey: Landranger map sheet 203 Land's End ISBN 978-0-319-23148-7
- "Cudden Point to Prussia Cove" (PDF). Natural England. 1991. Retrieved 9 February 2012.
- Wacher, J., Worth, J. and Spalding, A. (2003) A Cornwall Butterfly Atlas. Newbury: Pisces Publications.
- "Porth-en-Alls, Prussia Cove, Cornwall - the Haven". www.prussiacove.co.uk. Archived from the original on 26 March 2012. Retrieved 17 January 2022.
- Waring, Olivia (2 June 2018). "Where is Ladies in Lavender filmed and set?". Metro. Retrieved 24 May 2020.
- "Walk - Prussia Cove". South West Coast Path. Retrieved 24 May 2020.
- "IMS Prussia Cove – a cultural oasis". International Musicians Seminar Prussia Cove. Retrieved 10 August 2011.
- "Auction of art to raise funds". The Cornishman. 27 April 2017. p. 7.
External links
- Autobiography of John Carter
- The Autobiography of a Cornish Smuggler by Harry Carter. Free ebook via Project Gutenberg (Available in EPub, Kindle, HTML, Plucker, QiOO Mobile and Plain Text formats)