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Operation Dani
Part of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War
Israeli forces in Lydda after capturing the town
Date July 9–19, 1948 Location East of Tel Aviv Result Capture of Ramle, Lydda and surrounding villages. Failure to capture Latrun
Belligerents
Israel (IDF)	Transjordan (Arab Legion)
Commanders and leaders
Yigal Alon Yitzhak Rabin	Glubb Pasha
Strength
6,000
Casualties and losses
91 killed

Operation Dani, also spelled Danny, was an Israeli military offensive launched on July 9–19, 1948 at the end of the first truce of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War. The objectives were to capture territory east of Tel Aviv and then to push inland and relieve the Jewish population and forces in Jerusalem. The main forces fighting against the IDF were the Arab Legion and Palestinian irregulars

On 10 July, Glubb Pasha ordered the defending Arab Legion troops to "make arrangements ... for a phony war".

The operation commander was Yigal Allon and his deputy was Yitzhak Rabin. The total force numbered around 6,000 soldiers.

Name

The operation was named after Palmach officer Daniel "Dani" Mass, who had fallen on January 16, 1948, while commanding a relief action known as "Convoy of 35".

Objectives

The first phase of Operation Dani was to capture the cities of Lydda and Ramle, located on the road to Jerusalem, southeast of Tel Aviv. Ramle was one of the main obstacles blocking Jewish transportation. From the start of the war, Lydda and Ramle militiamen had attacked Jewish traffic on nearby roads. Ramle became a focal point for blocking Jewish transportation, forcing traffic from Jerusalem to Tel Aviv to a southern bypass.

The second phase was to capture the fort at Latrun and break through Ramallah. The operation was carried out under Palmach command using the Yiftach Brigade, the Harel Brigade, the 8th Armored Brigade and two battalions from the Kiryati and Alexandroni brigades.

Lydda and Ramle

On 9 July units from the Yiftach Brigade began approaching Ramle from the south. At the same time troops from the other brigades began attacking villages north of Lydda. Caught in a pincer movement and with only a token Arab Legion presence the two towns were captured the following day. This put Lydda airport and the strategic railway station at Ramle in Israeli hands.

As part of the 1948 Palestinian expulsions, Israeli forces violently expelled 50,000-70,000 people from Lydda and Ramle, killing hundreds.

Latrun

The second phase of the operation failed after several costly attacks on Arab Legion positions in the Battle of Latrun and the threat of a UN-imposed cease-fire.

Casualties

The Palmach record the names of ninety-one of its members killed during this Operation. Forty-four were killed at Khirbet Kurikur on 18 July 1948. Seven were killed in the capture of Lydda.

Palestinian Arab communities captured

Units

• Overall Commander: Yigal Allon
• 8th Armored Brigade Commander Yitzhak Sadeh
• Alexandroni Brigade
• Kiryati Brigade (two battalions)
• Yiftach Brigade Commander Mula Cohen

Gallery

• Yitzhak Sadeh (left) and Yigal Allon (1948)
• 8th Armoured Brigade capture Lydda Airport (1948)
• Yiftach Brigade before the attack on Lydda and Ramle, 1948

See also

• Operation Ha-Har
• List of battles and operations in the 1948 Palestine war
• Depopulated Palestinian locations in Israel

References

1. Chaim Herzog, 'The Arab-Israeli Wars' ISBN 0-85368-367-0 (1982). page 80: 'A blow against the Arab Legion was the essence of Operation 'Danny' planned as the main Israeli offensive to be mounted on the resumption of hostilities.'
2. Morris, Benny (October 2008). 1948. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0300145243.
3. Kimche, Jon; Kimche, David (1960). A Clash of Destinies. The Arab-Jewish War and the Founding of the State of Israel. Frederick A. Praeger. p. 225. LCCN 60-6996. OCLC 1348948. largest force yet assembled under one Israeli.
4. Golan, Arnon. "Lydda and Ramle: from Palestinian-Arab to Israeli towns, 1948-67," Middle Eastern Studies, October 1, 2003
5. Morris 2004, p. 424
6. Lydda and Ramle: from Palestinian-Arab to Israeli towns, 1948-67. by Golan, Arnon
7. Herzog, page 82.
8. "פלמ"ח". Archived from the original on 2012-06-01. Retrieved 2010-11-23.
9. Herzog, page 80.
10. Moshe Dayan, 'My Life.' ISBN 0-688-03076-9 (1976). Page 103.

Notes

1. Hebrew: מבצע דני, Mivtza Dani

External links

• Media related to Operation Danny at Wikimedia Commons

• Battles and operations of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War
• Battles involving Jordan
• July 1948 events in Asia