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General Council of Andorra Consell General d'Andorra
9th General Council
Type
Type	Unicameral
Leadership
General Syndic	Carles Enseñat Reig, DA since 26 April 2023
Deputy General Syndic	Sandra Codina Tort, CC since 26 April 2023
Secretaries of the Syndicate	Maria Àngels Aché Feliu, Concòrdia Carolina Puig Montes, DA since 26 April 2023
Structure
Seats	28
Political groups	Government (17)   DA (13)   CC (3)   Independent (1) Opposition (11)   Concòrdia (5)   PS (3)   Andorra Endavant (3)
Elections
Voting system	Parallel voting 14 members by national list PR Two members per 7 parishes
Last election	2 April 2023
Next election	2027
Meeting place
New Parliament of Andorra Andorra la Vella, Andorra
Website
www.consellgeneral.ad

Politics of Andorra
Constitution
Executive Co-Princes (list) Emmanuel Macron Joan Enric Vives Sicília Representatives Patrick Strzoda Josep Maria Mauri Executive Council of Andorra Head of government Xavier Espot Zamora
Legislature General Council General Syndic Roser Suñé Pascuet
Administrative divisions Parishes
Elections Recent elections 2015 2019 2023 Political parties
Foreign relations Ministry of External Affairs Minister: Maria Ubach i Font Diplomatic missions of / in Andorra Nationality law Passport Visa requirements Visa policy
Andorra portal Other countries
v t e

The General Council (Catalan: Consell General d'Andorra, IPA: [konˈsɛʎ ʒeneˈɾal danˈdora]) is the unicameral parliament of Andorra. It is sometimes referred to as the General Council of the Valleys (Catalan: Consell General de les Valls) because it was the historical name and to distinguish it from similarly named bodies in the Val d'Aran and in France.

Organization

There are twenty-eight "general councillors", who are elected for four-year terms based on party lists in a closed list system:

• two general councillors from each of the seven parishes, elected from the list with most votes in each parish;
• fourteen general councillors elected from national lists using the largest remainder method of proportional representation.

The parish lists and the national list are independent of one another: the same person cannot appear on both the national list and on a parish list, and voters cast two separate ballots (there is no requirement to vote for the same party for both lists).

This is a recent development; originally, the seven parishes had each returned four deputies. However, as parishes varied in population from 350 to 2,500, this was felt to be significantly imbalanced, and the national list system was introduced for the 1997 elections to counter the disproportionate power held by the smallest parishes.

The Council appoints a presiding officer, titled the Síndic general, and a deputy, the subsíndic. The current Síndic general is Vicenç Mateu Zamora of the Democrats for Andorra.

The General Council (subject to approval of the Co-Princes) elects the Head of Government, who presides over the Executive Council. The Head of Government appoints the remaining seven members of the Executive Council. The current Head of Government is Xavier Espot Zamora.

Membership

Political parties are a recent innovation; the first party was formed in 1976, and they only gained legal recognition in 1992. The most recent Andorran parliamentary election was held on 2 April 2023.

The General Council has the second-highest proportion of women legislators (behind the lower house of the Rwandan legislature), and the highest in the developed world. In 2015, exactly half of its members (14 out of 28) were women.

History

The first parliament in Andorra was established in 1419, as the Consell de la Terra. Councillors were elected by the population, and the council appointed syndics to manage the administration of the principality. It remained in force for several hundred years, slowly becoming the fiefdom of a few major families; this caused popular discontent by the nineteenth century, and major reforms were instituted in 1866.

The reforms were masterminded by Guillem d'Areny-Plandolit, and had several effects:

• The Consell de la Terra was abolished, and replaced by the Consell General de les Valls, with a syndic and vice-syndic
• The franchise was extended to all heads of families
• Regular elections were laid down; in this case, twelve of the twenty-four (as there then were) councillors were to be elected every two years

In the 1930s, matters again began to boil over; one point of particular contention was that the council had begun regularly referring to Andorra as a republic, which understandably caused some contention with the co-princes. The General Council was dissolved on their order in June 1933, and a special election called to re-elect it. The opportunity was taken to change the voting laws; at this point, all men over twenty-five could vote, and all men over thirty stand for election.

In 1970, the vote was extended to women over twenty-five; in 1971 the qualifying age for all electors was lowered to twenty-one, and that of candidates to twenty-five. Women gained the right to run for office in 1973, and in 1978 a referendum was held on the matter of further reform.

Later that year, a seventh parish (Escaldes-Engordany) was formed, bringing the numbers of councillors to twenty-eight.

In 1982, the Executive Council was created, comprising the Executive Council President and four councillors with ministerial duties. In 1984 Mercè Bonell was the first female Councilor.

See also

• List of first syndics of the General Council
• List of general syndics of the General Council
• Politics of Andorra
• List of legislatures by country

Notes

1. ^ Deputy General Syndic Sandra Codina Tort was elected by the list of Democrats for Andorra, but the party agreed to cede her seat to the Committed Citizens so that they could form their parliamentary group, which requires at least three councillors.
2.   Acció (1)
3.   L'A (1)

References

1. Art. 42.2, Law 28/2007.
2. Art. 57, Law 28/2007.
3. Art. 58, Law 28/2007.
4. Arts. 19, 51 & 52, Law 28/2007.
5. "Women in Parliaments: World Classification". Ipu.org. 31 March 2012. Archived from the original on 28 March 2014. Retrieved 29 May 2012.
6. "Andorra country profile". BBC News. 20 December 2018. Retrieved 2 June 2021.
7. Mercè Bonell: "Vaig entrar al Consell General espantada" (in Catalan)

42°30′24″N 1°31′15″E / 42.50667°N 1.52083°E / 42.50667; 1.52083

• General Council (Andorra)
• National legislatures
• Parliaments by country