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Aluminium gallium indium phosphide

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(Redirected from AlGaInP) Semiconductor material
Aluminium gallium indium phosphide
Identifiers
CAS Number
Properties
Chemical formula AlGaInP
Structure
Crystal structure Cubic
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C , 100 kPa). Infobox references
Chemical compound

Aluminium gallium indium phosphide (AlGaInP, also AlInGaP, InGaAlP, etc.) is a semiconductor material that provides a platform for the development of multi-junction photovoltaics and optoelectronic devices. It has a direct bandgap ranging from ultraviolet to infrared photon energies.

AlGaInP is used in heterostructures for high-brightness red, orange, green, and yellow light-emitting diodes. It is also used to make diode lasers.

Preparation

AlGaInP is typically grown by heteroepitaxy on gallium arsenide or gallium phosphide substrates in order to form a quantum well structure that can be fabricated into different devices.

Properties

Optical properties
Refractive index 3.49
Chromatic dispersion -1.68 μm
Absorption coefficient 50536 cm

The direct bandgap of AlGaInP encompasses the energy range of visible light (1.7 eV - 3.1 eV). By selecting a specific composition of AlGaInP, the bandgap can be selected to correspond to the energy of a specific wavelength of visible light. For instance, this can be used to obtain LEDs that emit red, orange, or yellow light.

Like most other III-V semiconductors and their alloys, AlGaInP possesses a zincblende crystal structure.

Applications

AlGaInP is used as the active material in:

  • Light emitting diodes of high brightness
  • Diode lasers
  • Quantum well structures
  • Solar cells (potential). The use of aluminium gallium indium phosphide with high aluminium content, in a five junction structure, can lead to solar cells with maximum theoretical efficiencies above 40%.

AlGaInP is frequently used in LEDs for lighting systems, along with indium gallium nitride (InGaN).

Diode laser

A diode laser consists of a semiconductor material in which a p-n junction forms the active medium and optical feedback is typically provided by reflections at the device facets. AlGaInP diode lasers emit visible and near-infrared light with wavelengths of 0.63-0.76 μm. The primary applications of AlGaInP diode lasers are in optical disc readers, laser pointers, and gas sensors, as well as for optical pumping, and machining.

Safety and toxicity aspects

The toxicology of AlGaInP has not been fully investigated. The dust is an irritant to skin, eyes and lungs. The environment, health and safety aspects of aluminium indium gallium phosphide sources (such as trimethylgallium, trimethylindium and phosphine) and industrial hygiene monitoring studies of standard MOVPE sources have been reported in a review.

Illumination by an AlGaInP laser was associated in one study with slower healing of skin wounds in laboratory rats.

See also

References

  1. ^ Rodrigo, SM; Cunha, A; Pozza, DH; Blaya, DS; Moraes, JF; Weber, JB; de Oliveira, MG (2009). "Analysis of the systemic effect of red and infrared laser therapy on wound repair". Photomed Laser Surg. 27 (6): 929–35. doi:10.1089/pho.2008.2306. hdl:10216/25679. PMID 19708798.
  2. "Krames, Michael, R., Oleg B. Shcekin, Regina Mueller-Mach, Gerd O. Mueller, Ling Zhou, Gerard Harbers, and George M Craford. "Status and Future of High-Power Light-Emitting." JOURNAL OF DISPLAY TECHNOLOGY Vol. 3.No. 2 (2007): 160. Department of Electrical Engineering. 20 July 2009. Web" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-12-08. Retrieved 2015-12-03.
  3. Chan, B. L.; Jutamulia, S. (2 December 2010). "Lasers in light skin interaction", Proc. SPIE 7851, Information Optics and Optical Data Storage, 78510O; doi: 10.1117/12.872732
  4. Shenai-Khatkhate, Deodatta V. (2004). "Environment, health and safety issues for sources used in MOVPE growth of compound semiconductors". Journal of Crystal Growth. 272 (1–4): 816–821. Bibcode:2004JCrGr.272..816S. doi:10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2004.09.007.
  5. Rodrigo, SM; Cunha, A; Pozza, DH; Blaya, DS; Moraes, JF; Weber, JB; de Oliveira, MG (2009). "Analysis of the systemic effect of red and infrared laser therapy on wound repair". Photomed Laser Surg. 27 (6): 929–35. doi:10.1089/pho.2008.2306. hdl:10216/25679. PMID 19708798.
Notes
  • Griffin, I J (2000). "Band structure parameters of quaternary phosphide semiconductor alloys investigated by magneto-optical spectroscopy". Semiconductor Science and Technology. 15 (11): 1030–1034. Bibcode:2000SeScT..15.1030G. doi:10.1088/0268-1242/15/11/303. S2CID 250827812.
  • High Brightness Light Emitting Diodes:G. B. Stringfellow and M. George Craford, Semiconductors and Semimetals, vol. 48, pp. 97–226.
Aluminium compounds
Al(I)
Organoaluminium(I) compoundsAl(C5(CH3)5)
Al(II)
Al(III)
Alums
Organoaluminium(III) compounds
Gallium compounds
Gallium(−V)
Gallium(I)
Gallium(II)
Gallium(I,III)
Gallium(III)
Organogallium(III) compounds
  • Ga(C5H7O2)3
  • Ga(CH3)3
  • Ga(C2H5)3
  • Indium compounds
    Indium(I)
    Organoindium(I) compounds
    Indium(I,III)
    Indium(III)
    Organoindium(III) compounds
  • In(C2H5)3
  • In(CH3)3
  • Phosphorus compounds
    Phosphides
    Other compounds
    Phosphides
    Binary phosphides
    PH3 He
    Li3P Be BP CP
    +C
    N +O F Ne
    Na3P Mg3P2 AlP +Si
    -SiP
    P S +Cl Ar
    K3P Ca3P2
    CaP
    ScP TiP V CrP
    Cr3P
    Mn FeP CoP
    Co2P
    Co3P2
    NixPy Cu3P Zn3P2
    ZnP2
    GaP -GeP AsP Se +Br Kr
    Rb Sr3P2 YP ZrP
    ZrP2
    NbP Mo3P
    MoP
    MoP2
    Tc Ru2P Rh Pd Ag3P Cd3P2 InP SnP3 SbP +Te +I Xe
    CsxPy Ba * LuP HfP Ta W Re OsP2 Ir PtP2 AuP Hg Tl PbP7 BiP Po At Rn
    Fr Ra ** Lr Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Nh Fl Mc Lv Ts Og
    * LaP CeP PrP
    PrP5
    NdP Pm SmP
    SmP5
    EuP GdP TbP DyP HoP ErP TmP YbP
    ** AcP ThP7 Pa UP NpP PuP Am Cm BkP Cf Es Fm Md No
    Ternary phosphides
    Quaternary phosphides
    Quinary phosphides
    See also
    Categories: