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Aadloun عدلون
Municipality
AadlounLocation in Lebanon
Coordinates: 33°24′14″N 35°16′26″E / 33.40389°N 35.27389°E / 33.40389; 35.27389
Country	Lebanon
Governorate	South Governorate
District	Sidon District
Elevation	300 ft (100 m)
Time zone	UTC+2 (EET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+3 (EEST)

Aadloun I, II, III & IV

Alternative name	Abri Zumoffen (Aadloun I), Bezez Cave, Mugharet el Bzaz (Aadloun II)
History
Periods	Early Yarbrudian (Acheulio-Yarbrudian), Levalloiso-Mousterian, Upper Paleolithic, Heavy Neolithic
Cultures	Paleolithic, Neolithic, Phoenician
Site notes
Excavation dates	1898, 1900, 1908, 1958, 1963
Archaeologists	Godefroy Zumoffen, Dorothy Garrod, Diana Kirkbride
Condition	Ruins
Management	Directorate General of Antiquities
Public access	No

Aadloun, Adloun or Adlun (Arabic: عدلون) is a coastal municipality in South Lebanon, 17 kilometres (11 mi) south of Sidon famous for its cultivation of watermelons. It is also the site of a Phoenician necropolis and prehistoric caves where four archaeological sites have been discovered and dated to the Stone Age. The evidence of human occupation of Abri Zumoffen (or Aadloun I) has been dated as far back as 71,000 BCE with occupation of Bezez Cave (Aadloun II) dating back even further into the earlier Middle Paleolithic.

Prehistoric sites

Aadloun I

Aadloun I or Abri Zumoffen is a low cave and terrace at the foot of a cliff near a beach. It was discovered and sounded by Godefroy Zumoffen in 1898, 1900 and 1908 who found material thought to be either Acheulean or Mousterian. Dorothy Garrod suggested similarities existed to a final Acheulean (or Yarbrudian) industry of Tabun E. Along with Diana Kirkbride, she re-opened excavations in 1958 with another season in 1963 and found a pre-Aurignacian (Garrod's Amudian) blade industry in the deposits. D. A. Hooijer discussed the fauna of the site suggesting it included game animals and rhino. Materials from the site are now in collections of the Saint Joseph University, Beirut and the Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge. The site is now owned by the Directorate General of Antiquities but the previous land owner carried out private digging that has spread deposits from the Aadloun II cave site over the area creating a false layer.

Aadloun II

Aadloun II, Bezez Cave or Mugharet el Bzaz is a cave on the east of the road heading to Tyre set into a cliff at an altitude of approximately 17 metres (56 ft) above sea level. It was first sounded with little result in 1898 by Godefroy Zumoffen. A major excavation was undertaken in 1963 by Diana Kirkbride and Dorothy Garrod who determined a sequence stretching through the Yarbrudian, Levalloiso-Mousterian, Upper Paleolithic and on into the Heavy Neolithic. Materials from the excavations were to be held by Saint Joseph University and the American University of Beirut. The site is owned by the Directorate General of Antiquities and a gate was fixed over the mouth of the cave for protection. Three distinct levels were determined. Level C was called Acheuleo-Yarbrudian with materials found that resembled level E at Tabun Cave. Level B was called Levalloiso-Mousterian and compared with level D of Tabun. Level C encompassed the Upper Paleolithic and onwards.

Aadloun III

Aadloun III is a site approximately 1 kilometre (0.6 mi) south of Aadloun with a Chalcolithic (Enéolithique) industry that was found by P. E. Gigues.

Aadloun IV

Aadloun IV was found by P. E. Gigues on the terraces below the village near the caves that have been damaged by quarrying. Local farmers have recovered several fine Neolithic and Chalcolithic tools from this area that are held by Saint Joseph University. Dr. Gigues collection was held in Beirut by a relative who charged a fee for showing it after his retirement to Morocco.

Materials recovered

Lorraine Copeland made a collection of mostly Heavy Neolithic flints from the site in 1966. Amongst the finds were massive trapezoidal axes, chisels, a chopper, points, a pick, rough scrapers, blades, cores and hammerstones. The finds led Andrew Moore to suggest that Bezez cave was a factory site for such tools.

Modern era

In 1875 Victor Guérin noted that Aadloun "consists of 350 inhabitants, all Muslims. Cisterns carved into the rock and many ashlars of ancient appearance seem to prove that it succeeded an older locality."

Demographics

In 2014, Muslims made up 99.72% of registered voters in Aadloun. 98.02% of the voters were Shiite Muslims.

Notable people

• Hamza Ali Aboud, writer and poet
• Mohamed Zein Tahan, footballer

References

1. Aadloun, localiban
2. ^ Copeland, Lorraine; P. Wescombe (1965). Inventory of Stone-Age sites in Lebanon, pp. 63-64. Imprimerie Catholique. Retrieved 21 July 2011.
3. ^ Copeland, Lorraine., The Middle Palaeolithic of Adlun and Ras el Kelb (Lebanon) : First results from a study of the flint industries, Paléorient, 1978, Volume 4, No. 4, pp. 33-57, 1978.
4. Garrod, Dorothy & Kirkbride, Diana., Excavation of a Paleolithic Rock-shelter at Adlun, Lebanon, Acts of the 5th C.I.S.P.P., Hamburg, 1958.
5. Garrod, Dorothy & Kirkbride, Diana., Excavation of Abri Zumoffen, a Paleolithic Rock-shelter near Adloun, in southern Lebanon, 1958, Bulletin du Musée de Beyrouth, volume 16, 1961
6. Hooijer, D.A., The Fossil Vertebrates of Ksar Akil, a Palaeolithic Rock-Shelter in the Lebanon, Zoloögische Verhandelgingen, 49, 1, 1961.
7. Moore, A.M.T. (1978). The Neolithic of the Levant. Oxford University, Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis. pp. 447–448.
8. Guérin, 1880, p. 475: "A trois heures trente minutes, je monte vers l'est au village d'A'dloun, que j'atteins à trois heures trente minutes. Il se compose de 350 habitants, tous Musulmans. Des citernes creusées dans le roc et beaucoup de pierres de taille d'apparence antique semblent prouver qu'il a succédé à une localité plus ancienne."
9. "التوزيع حسب المذاهب للناخبين/ناخبات في بلدة عدلون، قضاء صيدا (قرى) محافظة الجنوب في لبنان". إعْرَفْ لبنان.
10. "Global Sports Archive". globalsportsarchive.com. Retrieved 2020-11-23.

Bibliography

• Guérin, V. (1880). Description Géographique Historique et Archéologique de la Palestine (in French). Vol. 3: Galilee, pt. 2. Paris: L'Imprimerie Nationale.

External links

• Aadloun, localiban

v t e Heavy Neolithic sites

Aadloun II Akkar plain foothills Akbiyeh Al-Bireh Amlaq Qatih Ard Saouda Baidar ech Chamout Beit Mery II Bustan Birke Dakoue Dekwaneh II Douris, Lebanon Douwara Flaoui Fadous Sud Hadeth south Jbaa Jdeideh I Jdeideh II Jebel Aabeby Kamid al lawz I Kefraya Kfar Tebnit Khallet Michte I Khallet Michte II Khallet el Hamra Mejdel Anjar I Moukhtara Mtaileb I Nabi Zair Plain of Zgharta Qaraoun I Qaraoun II Rayak North Sarepta Sidon III Taire II Tayibe Tell Ain el Meten Tell Khardane Tell Mureibit Tell Zenoub Wadi Boura Wadi Koura Wadi Yaroun Wadi al-Far'a Wadi Sallah

v t e Archaeological sites in Lebanon

Aadloun Aaiha Aammiq Aaqbe Ain Aata Ain Choaab Ain Harcha Akbiyeh Akkar plain foothills Al-Bireh Amioun Amlaq Qatih Anjar, Lebanon Antelias cave Apheca Ard Saouda Ard Tlaili Arqa Augusti Pagus Baalbek Baidar ech Chamout Batroumine Batroun Bechamoun Beirut Beit Mery Belat temple Berytus (Roman Beirut) Bustan Birke Byblos Canalizations of Zenobia Dahr El Ahmar Dakoue Deir El Aachayer Deir Al-Ahmar Deir Mar Maroun Dekwaneh Douris (Baalbek) Elaea (Lebanon) Flaoui Fadous Sud Hebbariye Hadeth south Haret ech Cheikh Hashbai Heliopolis in Phoenicia Hermel plains Iaat Jabal es Saaïdé Jbaa Jdeideh Jebel Aabeby Jeita Grotto Joub Jannine Jieh Kafr Zabad Kamid el-Loz Kamouh el Hermel Karak Nuh Kaukaba Kefraya Kafr Tebnit Kfar Qouq Kfarhata Khallet Michte Kharayeb Khirbet El-Knese Kouachra megalith field Ksar Akil Labweh Lake Qaraoun (Ain Jaouze) Libbaya Lion Tower Majdal Anjar Mansourieh Maronite mummies Mayrouba Mdoukha (Jebel Kassir) Moukhtara Mtaileb Nabi Zair Nachcharini Nahle, Lebanon Neba'a Faour Nebi Safa Hosn Niha Phoenician port of Beirut Plain of Zgharta Qaa Qal'at Bustra Qalaat Tannour Qaraoun Qasr el Banat Ras Baalbek I Ras Beirut Ras El Kelb Rashaya Roman Forum of Berytus Roman hippodrome of Berytus Roman temple of Bziza Sands of Beirut Saraain El Faouqa Shheem Sidon Sin el Fil Sarepta Stone of the Pregnant Woman Tahun ben Aissa Taire Tayibe Tell Aalaq Tell Ablah Tell Addus Tell Ahle Tell Ain Cerif Tell Ain el Meten Tell Ain Ghessali Tell Ain Nfaikh Tell Ain Saouda Tell Ain Sofar Tell Ayoub Tell Bar Elias Tell Beshara Tell Bir Dakoue Tell Deir Tell Delhamieh Tell Derzenoun Tell Dibbine Tell el-Burak Tell El Ghassil Tell El Hadeth Tell Fadous Tell Hazzine Tell Hoch Rafqa Tell Karmita Tell Khardane Tell Kirri Tell Jezireh Tell Jisr Tell Kabb Elias Tell Majdaloun Tell Masoud Tell Mekhada Tell Meouchi Tell Mureibit Tell Murtafa Tell Nahariyah Tell Neba'a Chaate Tell Neba'a Litani Tell Qasr Labwe Tell Rasm El Hadeth Tell Rayak Tell Saatiya Tell Safiyeh Tell Saoudhi Tell Serhan Tell Shaikh Hassan al Rai Tell Shamsine Tell Sultan Yakoub Tell Taalabaya Tell Wardeen Tell Zenoub Tell Zeitoun Temnin el-Foka Temple of Bacchus Temple of Eshmun Temple of Jupiter Temple of the Obelisks Toron Tripolis (region of Phoenicia) Tyre Necropolis Tyre Umm al-Amad Wadi Koura Wadi Yaroun Yammoune Yanta Ain W Zain Zahlé

v t e Sidon District, South Governorate
Capital	Sidon
Towns and villages	Aabra Al-Aaddoussiyah Aadloun Aanqoun Aaqtanit Ain ad-Delb Ansariyah Arab aj-Jall Arzay Al-Babliyah Al-Baisariyah Banaafoul Barti Bqosta Al-Bramiyah Darb as-Sim Al-Ghassaniyah Al-Ghaziyah Al-Hajjah Haret Saida Al-Helaliyah Irkay Jenjlaya Kaouthariyat as-Siyad Kfar Beit Kfar Chellal Kfar Hatta Kfar Melki Kfaraya Al-Kharayeb Khartoum Khaziz Al-Loubiyah Al-Maamriyah Maghdouché Majdelyoun Al-Marwaniyah Miye ou Miye An-Najjariyah Qaqaaiyet as-Snoubar Qennarit Al-Qraiyah Al-Qunaitra As-Saksakiyah As-Salhiyah As-Sarafand Tanbourit Teffahta Tobbaya Zaghdraiya Zaita Az-Zrariyah
Palestinian refugee camps	Mieh Mieh refugee camp Ain al-Hilweh
Other	Akbiyeh Elaea Jebel Aabeby Sarepta

• Populated places in Sidon District
• Shia Muslim communities in Lebanon
• Paleolithic sites
• Neolithic settlements
• Chalcolithic sites
• Archaeological sites in Lebanon
• Heavy Neolithic sites
• Phoenician sites in Lebanon
• Phoenician funerary practices