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HTR1D
Identifiers
Aliases	HTR1D, 5-HT1D, HT1DA, HTR1DA, HTRL, RDC4, 5-HT1D receptor, 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D
External IDs	OMIM: 182133; MGI: 96276; HomoloGene: 20240; GeneCards: HTR1D; OMA:HTR1D - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 1 (human) Band 1p36.12 Start 23,191,895 bp End 23,217,502 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 4 (mouse) Band 4 D3|4 68.74 cM Start 136,150,835 bp End 136,171,709 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in testicle nucleus accumbens putamen duodenum caudate nucleus gallbladder gonad ganglionic eminence stromal cell of endometrium prefrontal cortex Top expressed in paraventricular nucleus of thalamus lumbar spinal ganglion lateral habenular nucleus ventral nuclear group lateral preoptic nucleus multiform layer of neocortex medial habenular nucleus ventral nucleus of lateral geniculate body embryo nucleus of lateral olfactory tract More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function G protein-coupled receptor activity signal transducer activity G protein-coupled serotonin receptor activity neurotransmitter receptor activity serotonin binding Cellular component integral component of membrane plasma membrane integral component of plasma membrane membrane dendrite Biological process intestine smooth muscle contraction regulation of locomotion smooth muscle contraction G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger regulation of behavior adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway response to toxic substance vasoconstriction signal transduction chemical synaptic transmission G protein-coupled serotonin receptor signaling pathway G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 3352 15552 Ensembl ENSG00000179546 ENSMUSG00000070687 UniProt P28221 Q61224 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000864 NM_001285482 NM_001285483 NM_001285484 NM_008309 RefSeq (protein) NP_000855 NP_001272411 NP_001272412 NP_001272413 NP_032335 Location (UCSC) Chr 1: 23.19 – 23.22 Mb Chr 4: 136.15 – 136.17 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
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5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 1D, also known as HTR1D, is a 5-HT receptor, but also denotes the human gene encoding it. 5-HT_1D acts on the central nervous system, and affects locomotion and anxiety. It also induces vasoconstriction in the brain.

Tissue distribution

5HT_1D receptors are found at low levels in the basal ganglia (globus pallidus, substantia nigra, caudate putamen), the hippocampus, and in the cortex.

Structure

5HT_1D receptor is a G protein linked receptor that activates an intracellular messenger cascade to produce an inhibitory response by decreasing cellular levels of cAMP. The 5HT_1D is a 7-TM receptor. A large intercellular loop between TM-5 and TM-6 is believed to be associated with coupling to a second messenger. Agonists might bind in a manner that utilizes an aspartate residue in TM-3 and residues in the TM-4, TM-5 and TM-6. A human clone containing an intronless open reading frame was found to encode 377 amino acids of the 5HT_1D receptor. The gene has been localized on chromosome 1, region 1p34.3-36.3

Ligands

Agonists

Molecular modelling has provided a picture of the agonistic binding site of 5HT_1D. The amino acid residues within the receptor binding site region have been identified. This is a valuable guide to design potential 5HT_1D receptor agonists. When sumatriptan binds there is major conformational change in both ligand and receptor in the binding pocket.

• 5-(Nonyloxy)tryptamine
• Sumatriptan (vasoconstrictor in migraine)
• Ergotamine (vasoconstrictor in migraine)
• Zolmitriptan
• 5-Carboxamidotryptamine (5-CT)
• 5-(t-Butyl)-N-methyltryptamine
• CP-135,807
• CP-286,601
• PNU-109,291 ((S)-3,4-Dihydro-1-ethyl]-N-methyl-1H-2-benzopyran-6-carboxamide)
• PNU-142,633 ((1S)-1--1-piperazinyl]ethyl]-3,4-dihydro-N-methyl-1H-2-benzopyran-6-carboxamide)
• GR-46611 (3--N-(4-methoxybenzyl)acrylamide)
• L-694,247 (2--1H-indol-3-yl]ethanamine)
• L-772,405

Antagonists

• Ziprasidone (atypical antipsychotic)
• Methiothepin (antipsychotic)
• Yohimbine (aphrodisiac)
• Metergoline
• BRL-15572
• Vortioxetine (antidepressant)
• GR-127,935 (mixed 5-HT_1B/1D antagonist)
• LY-310,762
• LY-367,642
• LY-456,219
• LY-456,220

See also

• 5-HT₁ receptor
• 5-HT receptor

References

1. ^ GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000179546 – Ensembl, May 2017
2. ^ GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000070687 – Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. "Entrez Gene: HTR1D 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 1D".
6. Hoyer D (2019). "Serotonin receptors nomenclature". In Tricklebank MD, Daly E (eds.). The Serotonin System: History, Neuropharmacology, and Pathology. Academic Press. pp. 63–93. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-813323-1.00004-9. ISBN 978-0-12-813323-1.
7. Millan MJ, Marin P, Bockaert J, Mannoury la Cour C (September 2008). "Signaling at G-protein-coupled serotonin receptors: recent advances and future research directions". Trends in Pharmacological Sciences. 29 (9): 454–64. doi:10.1016/j.tips.2008.06.007. PMID 18676031.
8. Goadsby PJ (1998). "Serotonin 5-HT_1B/1D Receptor Agonists in Migraine: Comparative Pharmacology and Its Therapeutic Implications". CNS Drugs. 10 (4): 271–286. doi:10.2165/00023210-199810040-00005.
9. Glennon RA, Dukat M (2013). "Serotonin Receptors and Drugs Affecting Serotonergic Neurotransmission" (PDF). In Lippincott WW, Lemke TL, Williams DA, Roche VF, Zito SW (eds.). Foye's Principles of Medicinal Chemistry (7th ed.). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 368–376. ISBN 978-1-60913-345-0.
10. Jin H, Oksenberg D, Ashkenazi A, Peroutka SJ, Duncan AM, Rozmahel R, et al. (March 1992). "Characterization of the human 5-hydroxytryptamine1B receptor". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 267 (9): 5735–5738. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)42612-9. PMID 1348246.
11. Weinshank RL, Zgombick JM, Macchi MJ, Branchek TA, Hartig PR (April 1992). "Human serotonin 1D receptor is encoded by a subfamily of two distinct genes: 5-HT1D alpha and 5-HT1D beta". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 89 (8): 3630–3634. Bibcode:1992PNAS...89.3630W. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.8.3630. PMC 48922. PMID 1565658.
12. Bremner DH, Ringan NS, Wishart G (1997). "Modeling of the agonist binding site of serotonin human 5-HT_1A, 5-HT_1Dα and 5-HT_1Dβ receptors". European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 32 (1): 59–69. doi:10.1016/S0223-5234(97)84362-0.
13. Glennon RA, Hong SS, Dukat M, Teitler M, Davis K (September 1994). "5-(Nonyloxy)tryptamine: a novel high-affinity 5-HT1D beta serotonin receptor agonist". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 37 (18): 2828–2830. doi:10.1021/jm00044a001. PMID 8071931.
14. Xu YC, Schaus JM, Walker C, Krushinski J, Adham N, Zgombick JM, et al. (February 1999). "N-Methyl-5-tert-butyltryptamine: A novel, highly potent 5-HT1D receptor agonist". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 42 (3): 526–531. doi:10.1021/jm9805945. PMID 9986723.

External links

• "5-HT_1D". IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology.
• Human HTR1D genome location and HTR1D gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.

Further reading

• Hamblin MW, Metcalf MA, McGuffin RW, Karpells S (April 1992). "Molecular cloning and functional characterization of a human 5-HT1B serotonin receptor: a homologue of the rat 5-HT1B receptor with 5-HT1D-like pharmacological specificity". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 184 (2): 752–759. doi:10.1016/0006-291X(92)90654-4. PMID 1315531.
• Weinshank RL, Zgombick JM, Macchi MJ, Branchek TA, Hartig PR (April 1992). "Human serotonin 1D receptor is encoded by a subfamily of two distinct genes: 5-HT1D alpha and 5-HT1D beta". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 89 (8): 3630–3634. Bibcode:1992PNAS...89.3630W. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.8.3630. PMC 48922. PMID 1565658.
• Hamblin MW, Metcalf MA (August 1991). "Primary structure and functional characterization of a human 5-HT1D-type serotonin receptor". Molecular Pharmacology. 40 (2): 143–148. PMID 1652050.
• Libert F, Passage E, Parmentier M, Simons MJ, Vassart G, Mattei MG (September 1991). "Chromosomal mapping of A1 and A2 adenosine receptors, VIP receptor, and a new subtype of serotonin receptor". Genomics. 11 (1): 225–227. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(91)90125-X. PMID 1662665.
• Libert F, Parmentier M, Lefort A, Dinsart C, Van Sande J, Maenhaut C, et al. (May 1989). "Selective amplification and cloning of four new members of the G protein-coupled receptor family". Science. 244 (4904): 569–572. Bibcode:1989Sci...244..569L. doi:10.1126/science.2541503. PMID 2541503.
• Cargill M, Altshuler D, Ireland J, Sklar P, Ardlie K, Patil N, et al. (July 1999). "Characterization of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in coding regions of human genes". Nature Genetics. 22 (3): 231–238. doi:10.1038/10290. PMID 10391209. S2CID 195213008.
• Salim K, Fenton T, Bacha J, Urien-Rodriguez H, Bonnert T, Skynner HA, et al. (May 2002). "Oligomerization of G-protein-coupled receptors shown by selective co-immunoprecipitation". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (18): 15482–15485. doi:10.1074/jbc.M201539200. PMID 11854302.
• Bergen AW, van den Bree MB, Yeager M, Welch R, Ganjei JK, Haque K, et al. (April 2003). "Candidate genes for anorexia nervosa in the 1p33-36 linkage region: serotonin 1D and delta opioid receptor loci exhibit significant association to anorexia nervosa". Molecular Psychiatry. 8 (4): 397–406. doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4001318. PMID 12740597. S2CID 22413624.

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